Career
He has taught Marxist theory at University of California Santa Cruz for over 40 years, while serving six terms as city councilman, including five terms as mayor, longer than anyone in the city"s history. During his more than 20 years in city government, city spending on social services and programs increased from $80,000 a year in 1979 to $2 million by 2000. While he has also served as president of the UCSC teachers" union, he has recently been criticized by some as taking conservative positions on various issues affecting the economic development of the city, including labor issues.