Background
BOTVINNIK, Mikhail was born in 1911 in St. Petersburg.
BOTVINNIK, Mikhail was born in 1911 in St. Petersburg.
1932 graduated Leningrad Polytechn. Institute; completed postgraduate course there.
Since 1927 Master of Sport in chess. 1931, 1933, 1939, 1944, and 1953 USSR Chess Champion. At 1935 and 1936 International Chess Tournaments in Moscow and Nottingham shared 1st place with Flor and Capablanca.
Victorious in international tournaments at Groningen, 1946, and Moscow, 1947. 1948 World Champion in tournaments at The Hague and Moscow. 1957 lost championship to V. Smyslov but regained it in 1958; 1960 lost world championship to M. Tal.
1961 beat Tal to regain world championship. 1958 and 1960 participated in World Team Championships in Munich and Leipzig, at which USSR team took first place to become world champions. Member, Editorial Board, “Fide”, organ of International Chess Fed.
Since 1959 Presidium member, International Chess Federation and Chess Section, Central Council, USSR Union of Voluntary Sports Societies. 1941-1944 engineer, Perm Power Engineering Trust. 1944-1954 senior engineer, one of depts. of Minister of Electronic Power Plants.
Selected Games (1926-1946) 1951, Soviet School of Chess 1951. Algorithms of the Game of Chess 1968, Controlled AC Machines (with Y. Shakarian) 1969, Computers, Chess and Long-Range Planning 1971, Botvinnik’s Best Games 1947-1970 1972, Three Matches of Anatoly Karpov 1975, On Cybernetic Goal of Game 1975.
Member, Communist Party, since 1940.
Member, Communist Party, since 1940.
Married Gajane Ananova in 1935.