(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
Color in the School-Room: A Manual for Teachers 1890
(Originally published in 1890. This volume from the Cornel...)
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Golden Jubilee Edition of The Paradise of Childhood, a Practical Guide to Kindergartners
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(This work has been selected by scholars as being cultural...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Milton Bradley was an American manufacturer. He is noted as an establisher of the Milton Bradley Company and for being a pioneer in the United States' game business.
Background
Milton Bradley was born on November 8, 1836 in Vienna, Maine, the son of Lewis and Fannie (Lyford) Bradley. His father operated, at Mercer, the first starch mill in Maine, an enterprise which helped to inaugurate the potato industry in that state.
Education
In 1847 Bradley's family moved to Lowell, Massachussets, where Milton Bradley graduated from the high school in 1854.
Having earned and saved two or three hundred dollars from working at the office of Oliver E. Cushing he entered the Lawrence Scientific School at Cambridge, commuting from Lowell and teaching at night. In 1856 the family moved to Hartford, and Milton, after completing one and a half years of a two-year course, decided to accompany them.
Career
After the graduation from high school, Milton Bradley then entered the office of Oliver E. Cushing, a draftsman and patent agent, making good use of his spare time by peddling stationery among the girl operatives of the Lowell mills.
In search of employment he found himself in Springfield, Massachussets, in June of 1856 and secured work as a draftsman in the locomotive works of Blanchard & Kimball (later Bemis & Company). When Bemis & Company went out of business in 1858, Bradley set up for himself as a mechanical draftsman and patent securer. His most interesting job at this time was making the drawings and superintending the construction of a private car, in the shops of T. W. Wason & Company, for the Khedive of Egypt.
He became interested in lithographing in 1859, went to Providence, learned the process, brought a press to Springfield in 1860, and inaugurated the lithographing business in western Massachusetts. His first important lithographing job was a portrait of Lincoln made from an original photograph brought home from the Chicago nominating convention by Samuel Bowles of the Springfield Republican.
Business during the war, however, was so poor that Bradley took up the idea of printing games. A parlor game, known as "The Checkered Game of Life, " he peddled personally throughout New York state, and the sale was so rapid that success seemed to point in the direction of the manufacture of games.
Accordingly in 1864 Milton Bradley & Company was formed by the admission of J. F. Tapley and Clark W. Bryan, and in 1870 a separate building for the enterprise was secured. Tapley and Bryan retired in 1878 and the firm was reorganized as the Milton Bradley Company.
The company prospered greatly from the rise of croquet and their manuals became standard for the rules of the game. Simultaneously with the development of the manufacture of games came that of kindergarten materials.
It was in 1869 that Milton Bradley fell under the spell of the Froebelian philosophy chiefly through the influence of Elizabeth Peabody, and a neighbor, Edward Wiebe. Wiebe was a Springfield music teacher and a friend of Froebel's widow, and had brought from Germany the manuscript of a book on kindergartening called the Paradise of Childhood (1869) which Bradley published.
This book, the first manual on kindergartens published in the United States. In 1893 the Milton Bradley Company purchased the Kindergarten News and published it as the Kindergarten Review with Henry W. Blake as editor, a publication which became the organ of the International Kindergarten Union. Earlier Bradley had published a children's magazine, Work and Play. He was particularly interested in color instruction and himself wrote and published Color in the School Room (1890), Color in the Kindergarten (1893), Elementary Color (1895), and Water Colors in the Schoolroom (1900).
He died in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1911, but his company continued on, making educational materials and new games for children.
Achievements
Milton Bradley has been listed as a noteworthy manufacturer by Marquis Who's Who.