He took up golf at the age of 12, and enjoyed a successful amateur career during which he played in the Eisenhower Trophy while attending Oregon State University. A consistent second season saw Madsen earn promotion to the full European Tour for 2013. He finished 19th in the Challenge Tour rankings, but slightly improved his status with a T16 at European Tour Q School.
2008 Houborg Open, Wibroe Cup, Royal Tour 1, Royal Tour 2 European Tour wins (1) Nordic League wins (3) DNP = Did not play CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place Yellow background for top-10.
Amateur Eisenhower Trophy (representing Denmark): 2008, 2010.