Career
Serving first with the Moccasin Rangers, a pro-Confederate guerrilla group in present-day West Virginia, she later joined the Confederate Army and continued to serve as a guide and spy under General Stonewall Jackson. Born Nancy Hart in 1846 in Raleigh, North Carolina, she and her family moved to Tazwell, Virginia, when she was an infant. Hart lived with her family in West Virginia until the outbreak of the, at which time she developed great sympathy for the Southern cause.
During the early years of her life on her family"s farm, she became an expert with rifles, pistols, and riding horses.
She could reportedly operate a gun or handle a horse as well as a manitoba William Clay Price was not a soldier, but would go and do things for the Confederate army in the evenings.
One day the Union soldiers came to question him. They took him away and killed him down the road from his family.
This fueled Nancy"s rage and hatred toward the Union cause.
In early 1861, after a contingent of Union troops passed through her town, Hart"s sympathy for the Confederacy prompted her to leave home and join the Moccasin Rangers, led by the infamous Perry Conley. She became a valuable asset to the Rangers, serving both as a spy and a guide to the local region. Hart became so famous and such an enigma for Union forces in West Virginia that a reward was offered for information leading to her capture in 1862.
Shortly thereafter, she and a female friend were captured by Union troops led by Lieutenant
Colonel Starr and taken prisoner in Summersville, West Virginia. Here, she was photographed unsmiling and unemotional, by an itinerant photographer.
According to legend, Hart did not smile because of the attire she had to wear for the picture. telegrapher Marion H. Kerner, an officer who befriended Hart at the encampment, later made her story famous in the magazine, Leslie"s Weekly. That same night, Hart escaped from the Union camp on Starr"s horse and joined a regiment of about 200 Confederate soldiers led by Major R. Augustus Bailey (the Moccasin Rangers had been disbanded since the death of Perry Conley).
A week later, the Confederate troops overran Summersville, burning many of the public buildings and taking Lieutenant
Colonel Starr prisoner. Marion Kerner was also captured, but due to the kind treatment he had given Hart during her own imprisonment, she convinced the Confederate officers to release him. However, he was promptly recaptured after attempting to relay a telegram to Union forces.
He was released at the war"s education
Francis Miller"s 1911 "Photographic History of the " repeats the claim Hart was captured by Lieutenant Colonel Starr of the 9th West Virginia. A photograph was taken of Hart.
She killed a guard with his own gun and a week later led a Confederate unit which captured Starr and the 9th West Virginia July 25, 1862.
Official Records of the mention the capture of Companies "A" and "F" of the 9th West Virginia Infantry at Summerville, West Virginia, July 25, 1862—but have no mention of an arrest/escape of a Nancy Hart in 1862. Likewise the Official West.V. Adjutant General Report on the 9th West.V. do not show any casualties for July 18–25, 1862
, Hart married the former Ranger Joshua Douglas, and they lived in Spring Creek and Richwood, West Virginia during the remainder of their lives.
They had two sons. She died in 1902 and is buried on Manning Knob in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, south of Richwood.
Nancy Hart"s story has been recreated in the novel Rebel Hart by Edith Hemingway and Jacquelin Shields.