Education
In 1879 he graduated from the Moscow State University (Moscow State University) and became an assistant at its Zoological Museum.
In 1879 he graduated from the Moscow State University (Moscow State University) and became an assistant at its Zoological Museum.
After defending his Doctor of Philosophy in 1887 he lectured at Moscow State University, and later worked in Trieste, Marseille and Warsaw. In 1890 he defended a habilitation on the evolution of anteaters.
Academy of Sciences of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics. Russian Academy of Sciences]
In December 1897 he was elected as a corresponding and in March 1906 as a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.