Education
1897 graduate Moscow Synodal School for Choral Conductors. 1907 graduate piano class, Moscow School of Drama and Music, Moscow Philharmonic Social.
1897 graduate Moscow Synodal School for Choral Conductors. 1907 graduate piano class, Moscow School of Drama and Music, Moscow Philharmonic Social.
From 1907 assistant conductor, from 1910 conductor. Synodal Choir; 1911 with Synodal Choir on successful foreign tours. From 1918 instructor at Choral Academy (former Synodal School).
1919-1923 choral director, Moscow Bolshoy Theater. 1936-1937 director, Leningrad Choir. 1937-1939 director, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics State Choir.