Oliver S. Marshall was born in Fairview, now New Manchester, West Virginia on September 24, 1850, to James G. and Lavinia Miller Marshall. He was the great grandson of Aaron Marshall, a pioneer settler about 1760 of what is now Hancock County.
He attended West Liberty Normal School and graduated from Bethany College in 1878.
He died in 1934. In 1896, Marshall was elected to the West Virginia State Senate from the First Senatorial District. In 1892, Marshall served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention. He served as President of the West Virginia State Senate for the 1899 session.
During his term he presided over Senate proceedings that led to the passage of bills that incorporated West Virginia banks and savings institutions, established a procedure for West Virginia public institutions to report to the Legislature, and reorganized the process for the Legislature to consider appropriations bills.
His house at New Cumberland, West Virginia was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
