Background
Gardiner was born in Chelsea, London, on 17 March 1922. His father was Clive Gardiner, a landscape artist and principal of Goldsmiths College. His mother was Lilian Lancaster, an artist and a pupil of Walter Sickert.
Gardiner was born in Chelsea, London, on 17 March 1922. His father was Clive Gardiner, a landscape artist and principal of Goldsmiths College. His mother was Lilian Lancaster, an artist and a pupil of Walter Sickert.
He was educated at Westminster School, and then received a First in history from Christ Church, Oxford.
After Army service in Italy, North Africa and Austria, he returned to Oxford for a second Bachelor of Arts, in Group of the European People's Party (Christian-Democratic Group) (politics, philosophy and economics). He was appointed to Wadham College, Oxford (1949), and then Street Anthony"s College, Oxford (1952). His first published book was The Nature of Historical Explanation in 1952 In 1958 he became a Fellow of Magdalen College, where he remained, becoming an Emeritus Fellow in 1989.
He is best known for his studies of Schopenhauer published in 1963 and Kierkegaard in 1988.
His books on Schopenhauer and Kierkegaard were "models of how to respect the extremity of an author"s thinking without condoning it" and "recaptured a whole philosophical terrain for the sophisticated reader".
According to his obituary in The Times by Richard Wollheim, his most important contribution to philosophy was to reawaken interest in German Idealism at a time (the 1960s) when it was largely neglected in British philosophy departments.