(This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curat...)
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Voyage des capitaines Lewis et Clarke, depuis l'embouchure du Missouri, jusqu'à l'entrée de la Colombia dans l'Océan Pacifique, fait dans les années 1804, 1805 et 1806 ... (French Edition)
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Journals of Patrick Gass, The: Member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (Lewis & Clark Expedition)
(Seargeant Patrick Gass was one of the few members of the ...)
Seargeant Patrick Gass was one of the few members of the Lewis and Clark expedition to keep a continuous log of the entire epic journey. His simple and direct wrting style, along with his emphasis on the daily activities of the trip, made Gass's journal more accessible to the general reader than other firsthand accounts and revealed the optimistic spirit of the expedition:
The determined and resolute character...of the corps, and the confidence which pervaded all ranks dispelled every emotion of fear, and anxiety for the present; while a sense of duty, and of the honour, which would attend the completion of the object of the expedition; a wish to gratify the expectations of the government, and of our fellow citizens, with the feelings which novelty and discovery invariably inspire, seemed to insure to us ample support in our future toils, suffering, and dangers."
In this new edition, Carol MacGregor's thorough annotation of the journal and the inclusion of Gass's recently discovered personal account ledger lend new insight into the life and work of Patirck Gass. The Journals of Patrick Gass represents a significant contribution to the study of the Lewis and Clark expedition, essential for everyone intersted in the history of Western expansion.
Patrick Gass was an explorer and author. He was the last survivor of the Lewis and Clark expedition to the Pacific Ocean. He kept a journal and upon his return was the first one of the expedition to publish an account of the memorable journey.
Background
Patrick Gass was the son or grandson of Henry Gass, early settler of Sherman’s Creek Valley, then Cumberland, now Perry County, Pennsylvania. The Gass family were Scotch-Irish and restless frontiersmen. When Patrick was an infant they removed from his birthplace, Falling Springs, Pennsylvania, to Maryland.
Education
Patrick was sent to his grandfather’s for schooling, but reported that he attended school only nineteen days; he did, however, learn to read and write.
Career
In 1782, the family moved across the mountains to the Youghiogheny River and three years later to Catfish Camp, now Washington, Pennsylvania. There in 1792, his father was drafted to garrison a frontier post and Patrick took his place.
The next year, he took a trip to New Orleans, returning to his home near Wellsburg, Virginia, by way of Cuba and Philadelphia. After this, he was apprenticed to a carpenter.
In 1803, he was in the regular army, stationed at Kaskaskia; he joined Lewis and Clark as a private but on the death of Charles Floy was chosen, August 20, 1804, by the suffrages of his mates, a sergeant.
He kept a journal and upon his return was the first one of the expedition to publish an account of the memorable journey. His notes were revised by a Wellsburg schoolmaster, David McKeehan, and the volume appeared in 1807, with many quaint illustrations.
Gass was in the War of 1812, with Jackson against the Creeks, and, in 1814, on the northern frontier, taking part in the battle of Lundy’s Lane.
After the war, he returned to Wellsburg, where he lived in shiftless fashion until 1831 when he married Maria Hamilton, who bore him seven children and died in 1846. In 1855, he was one of a delegation to Washington, seeking for better pensions. They were not granted and he lived on his ninety-six dollars a year, aided by his children and friends.
In his later life, he joined the Campbellites, being baptized in the Ohio River.
Achievements
Gass was important to the expedition because of his service as a carpenter, and he published the first journal of the expedition in 1807, seven years before the first publication based on Lewis and Clark's journals.
Quotations:
"Having gone 21 miles we arrived at the great Columbia river, which comes in from the northwest. We encamped on the point between the two rivers. The country all round is level, rich and beautiful. "
Personality
Gass was short, broad-shouldered, sinewy, and deep-chested. Lewis wrote for him a testimonial that he was noted for manly firmness and fortitude, and that he was entitled to the highest confidence.
He was indeed a loyal, faithful subordinate; his worst vice was a fondness for liquor, which he overcame in his later life.
Connections
At the age of sixty, Gass married a woman of 22 and had 5 children in the next 15 years of her life.