Background
Patrick Geddes, born in Ballater on October 2, 1854, was brought up near Perth.
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( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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(Originally published in 1920. This volume from the Cornel...)
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(Excerpt from The Evergreen, 1895, Vol. 2: A Northern Seas...)
Excerpt from The Evergreen, 1895, Vol. 2: A Northern Seasonal; The Book of Autumn Amongst the Local and National Traditions which are interesting many Scotsmen to-day, the present issue of the Evergreen' is particularly con cerned with two. These are the Celtic Renascence, now incipient alike in Literature and Art, and the revival and development of the old Continental sympathies of Scotland - the development of the newer but increasing sympathies of England. The Ancient League with France and the later intercourse with the Netherlands have deeply marked our history, some times even theirs, and the 'evergreen' of 'spring' and 'autumn' give evidence that this association is still a living and fruitful one. Hence, while we would renew local feeling and local colour, we would also express the larger view of Edinburgh as not only a National and Imperial, but a European city - the larger view of Scotland, again as in recent, in medieval, most of all in ancient times, one of the European Powers of Culture - as of course far smaller countries like Norway are to-day. Our first appeal is thus to Magna Scotia beyond Tweed and over sea, but we would also share in that wider culture-movement which knows neither nationality nor race. The Return to Nature' is a rallying call which each age must answer in its own way. The ending century has written its answer large in Science and Industry, in Literature and Art; yet many solutions are still lacking. Many of us are no longer satisfied with analysis and observation, with criticism and pessimism; many begin to ask for Synthesis, for Action, for Life, for Joy. The solution lies through action, through experiment 'vivendo discimus.' Hence our open and growing group with its many activities, educational and civic, architectural and decorative, seeks to realise somewhat of the Cite du Bon Accord of our illustrious guest, the veteran pioneer of synthetic science and of social ideals, M. Elisee Reclus. But Social Life is not merely built upon the ground of Nature it is its out come and growth. Hence the need of fresh readings in Life, of fresh groupings in Science, both now mainly from the humanist side, as lately from the naturalist side. Yet if Man be one with Nature, her evolution is also his, and this not only through the ages and the generations, but through the year and its Seasons. Here then are some of the ideas of the Evergreen.' It makes no promise of perpetual life, but seeks only to link the Autumn of our own age with an approaching Spring, and pass, through Decadence, towards Renascence. V. V. B. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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(Cities in evolution : an introduction to the town plannin...)
Cities in evolution : an introduction to the town planning movement and to the study of civics. 446 Pages.
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(Excerpt from Industrial Exhibitions and Modern Progress ...)
Excerpt from Industrial Exhibitions and Modern Progress Since at the very outset of all serious thought, not only upon political and social, but even strictly industrial and economic questions, we have to substitute for the notion of more individual moneyinaking that of the aggregate produc tion of material wealth, there can be no better standpoint for an intelligent survey of modern progress than that afforded by an international exhibition. This inust be viewed, however, not merely as an extensive bazaar with attached places of amusement, but as a central museum of industry; too vast and costly for permanence, but all the more fully illustrative of production, and of social progress in every respect. Moreover, since each exhibition is the highest expression of the industrial possibilities and general civilisation of its place and time, a retrospect of the great exhibitions, from that of London in 1851 to that of Paris in 1878, is seen to involve a retrospect alike of the advances of production' and the arts, and of progress in health and education, in social feeling and public life. Nor is an exhi bitiou a landmark of progress merely, but a starting-point as well; it is filled not only with the ?ower of present industry, but with the seed of that of future years. And this latter aspect is not the less important. The results of each exhibition this come up for consideration and, avoid ing the vague rhapsodies of progress which usually have to do duty for this, we must attempt a fair summing-up of the advantages and drawbacks of past exhibitions, of their gqqq. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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biologist geographer scientist sociologist
Patrick Geddes, born in Ballater on October 2, 1854, was brought up near Perth.
He graduated from Perth Academy at 16. After an 18-month apprenticeship in a local bank, Geddes began studies of chemistry, geology, and biology, along with drawing and cabinetmaking.
Returning to Scotland in April 1880 with weakened eyes which thereafter kept him from the microscope, Geddes became an inspiring lecturer in botany at Edinburgh University and carried on an incredibly varied intellectual and practical life. He urged the application of energy and biology concepts to statistics and economics; lectured on cooperation and socialism, capital, and labor; and campaigned for university extension and other educational reforms. Moving into a workers' tenement, Geddes and his wife cleaned up by example and personal labor many of the worst slum dwellings along the Royal Mile. Accepting a part-time professorship in botany at University College, Dundee, in 1888 (held until 1919), Geddes organized the first summer schools in Europe at Edinburgh (1887 - 1898) and founded the Outlook Tower (1892) as "the world's first sociological laboratory. " Here also came into focus his town planning concepts of civic and regional survey, or "diagnosis before treatment, " and of "conservative surgery" instead of wholesale destruction of slum areas. Though biology was being crowded into the background, Geddes did publish the milestone Evolution of Sex (1889), in collaboration with his later-famous pupil, J. Arthur Thomson. In 1897 Geddes and his wife went to Cyprus as private "economic missionaries, " reclaiming arid farmlands and starting rural industries as realistic answers to the unsolved "Eastern question" of blundering colonial politicians. In 1899 and 1900 he made lecture tours of the United States, organizing meanwhile the American Section of the International School at the Paris Exposition of 1900. In Paris he launched a bold plan for preserving the best national pavilions of the "Rue des Nations" as permanent international museums and institutes-a UNESCO nearly 50 years ahead of its time! Impossible of realization then, the project has since been termed the greatest of Geddes's "magnificent failures. " Another of these was his epoch-making survey of Dunfermline in 1903-1904 for the Scottish trustees of Andrew Carnegie's $2, 500, 000 gift to his birthplace. Rejected by them but published at Geddes's own expense, the resulting Study in City Development is today a classic of Geddesian thought and planning methods. The decade 1914-1924 took Geddes to India and Palestine. He made diagnosis-and-treatment surveys of some 50 Indian urban areas. Among these his 2-volume Town Planning towards City Development for Indore in 1918 vies with his 1915 classic, Cities in Evolution, in awakening citizens as well as planners to the practical significance of his PrWrF::FrWrP formula. Both works are seasoned with neologisms coined to express new concepts, such as "paleotechnics, " "neotechnics, " "biotechnics, " "conurbation, " "megalopolis, " "kakatopia, " and "eutopia. " In 1919 he gave his farewell address at Dundee, then accepted the chair of sociology and civics at the University of Bombay. Returning to India via Jerusalem, he there made city plans for the military governor and designed a university for the Zionists which, had they built it, would have given the world a model of interdisciplinary and interfaith higher education that might well have provided solutions to age-old Arab-Jewish-Christian conflicts. In 1924 serious illness forced Geddes's return to Europe, but on reaching southern France he made a remarkable recovery and was soon building a small-scale Outlook Tower and University Hall near Montpellier. In 1925 he could thus open his final project, the Scots College, as the first unit of a Mediterranean "Cité Universitaire. " The New Year's Honors of 1932 listed Geddes as Sir Patrick for his services to education. He died in Montpellier on April 17, 1932.
(Excerpt from Industrial Exhibitions and Modern Progress ...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
(This work has been selected by scholars as being cultural...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
(Leopold is delighted to publish this classic book as part...)
(Cities in evolution : an introduction to the town plannin...)
(Excerpt from The Evergreen, 1895, Vol. 2: A Northern Seas...)
(Originally published in 1920. This volume from the Cornel...)
(Sex. 274 Pages.)
Quotations:
“A city is more than a place in space, it is a drama in time”
“This is a green world, with animals comparatively few and small, and dependent on the leaves. By leaves we live. ”
“To avoid the Scylla of paleotechnic peace and the Charybdis of War, the leaders of the coming polity will steer a bold course for Eutopia [sic]. They will aim at the development of every region, its folk, work and place, in terms of the genius loci, of every nation, according to the best of its tradition and spirit; but in such wise that each region, each nation, makes its unique contribution to the rich pattern of our ever-evolving Western civilisation. ”
Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1880)
Through boyhood explorations of Perthshire and the Highlands, Patrick learned to see rural and urban life as a whole and began to study all living things, including man, in relation to their environment. At 20, however, he found his real goal-zoology under T. H. Huxley. Then, while on an expedition to Mexico, a crisis of temporary blindness turned him from "eye-minded" extrovert into philosophical classifier of sciences and inventor of graphic "thinking machines" from folded sheets of paper.
In 1886 Geddes married Anna Morton, a gifted musician, and they founded the Edinburgh Social Union. They had three children: Norah, Alasdair and Arthur.