Career

This relationship, called the Horwitz curve applies only to the between-laboratory variability of measurements. Horwitz worked for the United States. Food and Drug Administration (Food and Drug Administration) for 57 years until his retirement in 2000 and was head of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists for 24 years. The Horwitz curve is "one of the most intriguing relationships in modern analtyical chemistry".

lieutenant is related to the Variance-to-mean ratio.