Longman was born at Bristol, the son of Ezekiel Longman and his second wife Sarah. The Longman family had been involved in the manufacture of soap for several generations and his father owned a shop and stalls in Temple Street. His father requested in his will that he be "especially well and handsomely bred and educated".
From his mother he inherited a considerable amount of property at Winford, Winfrith, Rudghill and Stroud.
When Longman was seventeen his guardians - his brother Ezekiel, Nathaniel Webb and Mrs Thomas Coules - apprenticed him for seven years to John Osbom, a bookseller in Lombard Street, London.
Longman"s parents had died by the time he was nine. In 1724, when his apprenticeship was ended, he purchased the business of John Taylor, a bookseller in Paternoster Row for £2,282. Taylor had been the first publisher of " Robinson Crusoe", and traded at the sign of the Ship and Black Swan.
He steadily increased the business by buying shares in sound literary properties.
In 1740 he published the third volume of David Hume"s first work, A Treatise of Human Nature after he had been introduced to Hume by Francis Hutcheson. In 1744 he held the largest number of shares of Chambers"s " Cyclopaedia," owning nearly a sixth.
He was one of the six booksellers who entered into an agreement with Samuel Johnson to produce an English dictionary, the " Plan " of which was issued in 1747. Longman died, apparently childless, on 18 June 1755.
Longman married Mary Osborn, daughter of John Osborn in 1731.
They had no children.
