Background
Fyodorov was born in Proskurov, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (now Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine), to ethnic Russian parents.
ophthalmologist politician university professor
Fyodorov was born in Proskurov, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (now Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine), to ethnic Russian parents.
Fyodorov graduated from Rostov Medical Institute in Rostov on Don, then worked as a practicing ophthalmologist in a small town in Rostov Oblast. In the 1960s he studied the pioneering work of the English ophthalmic surgeon Sir Harold Ridley, the inventor of the intraocular lens (IOL).
He is considered to be a pioneer of refractive surgery. Fyodorov began to use Ridley"s intraocular lenses in his treatment of cataract. At first he used lenses manufactured by the Rayner company in England but he quickly moved to have his lenses manufactured inside the Soviet Union.
In 1973 he developed a new surgical technique to cure the early stage of the glaucoma, called Scleroplasty.
In the 1970s he developed the surgical technique he is most famous for, the radial keratotomy, to change the shape of the cornea and cure myopia. In 1986, Fyodorov designed the first posterior chamber phakic IOL in the "collar-button" or "mushroom" configuration and manufactured the pIOL from silicone.
In 1980 he became the head of the Moscow Research Institute of Eye Microsurgery. In 1988 he founded the Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex.
He was elected to the lower house of the Russian parliament, the State Duma, in 1993.
He ran for president in 1996. Returning from an academic conference in 2000, Fyodorov died in the crash of his clinic"s four-seater helicopter on the outskirts of Moscow. In 2013, a profile of Doctor Fyodorov was included in a book called Saving Sight: An eye surgeon"s look at life behind the mask and the heroes who changed the way we see, by Andrew Lam, Doctor of Medicine
Academy of Sciences of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics]
Fyodorov was a member of the Congress of People"s Deputies in 1989-1991.