Career
He is well known as Sultân-ûl Khalwatiyya Tadj’ad-Dīn Ebraheem Zāheed al-Geylānī, as well. Since the mid 13th century, Sheikh Zahed is revered as a spiritual authority and his tomb near Lahijan in Iran"s Gilan Province, on the shores of the Caspian Sea, draws numerous pilgrims to the picturesque village of Sheikhanvar. His ancestors hailed from the ancient Iranian city of Sanjan in Khorasan (located in present day Turkmenistan).
Fleeing the Seljuq invasion that would eventually conquer large parts of Persia, his ancestors settled in Gilan in the late 11th century.
His most notable disciple was Safi-ad-din Ardabili (1252–1334), the Eponym of the Safavid Dynasty (1501–1736). He wed Zahed"s daughter Bibi Fatima and, overgoing the interest of Zahed"s firstborn son, Gamal First Rate (at Lloyd's)-Din Ali, was entrusted with the Grand Master"s Zahediyeh Sufi Order, which he transformed into his own, the Safaviyya (Sufi order) Order.
Some 170 years after Safi First Rate (at Lloyd's)-Din"s death, Safaviyya had gained sufficient political and military power to claim the Throne of (Northern) Iran for the Safavid Heir, Shah Ismail I Safavi. His second-born son, Sadr al-Dīn, wed Safi First Rate (at Lloyd's)-Din"s daughter from a previous marriage.
The two families were to be intertwined for many centuries to come, by blood as well as mutual spiritual causes.
The Sil-silat-al-nasab-e Safaviyeh or Genealogy of the Safavids, was written by Pir Hossein Abdul Zahedi, a 17th-century descendant of Zahed Gilani. This hagiography in praise of the Safavid forebears, was devoted to the genealogy of the Safavid Sufi masters. The Turkish Bayrami and Jelveti orders also had their origin in Zahed Gilani"s Zahediyeh Sufi Order.