Background
He was against the constitution that was ratified during the reign of his father, Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar.
He was against the constitution that was ratified during the reign of his father, Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar.
In 1907 Mohammad Ali dissolved the parliament and declared the Constitution abolished because it was contrary to Islamic law. He bombarded the Majles (Persian parliament) with the military and political support of Russia and Britain. In July 1909, pro-Constitution forces marched from Persia"s provinces to Tehran led by Sardar As"ad, Sepehdar A"zam, Sattar Khan, Bagher Khan and Yeprem Khan, deposed the Shah, and re-established the constitution.
On 16 July 1909, the parliament voted to place Mohammad Ali Shah"s 11-year-old son, Ahmad Shah on the throne.
Mohammad Ali Shah abdicated following the new Constitutional Revolution and he has since been remembered as a symbol of dictatorship. Having fled to Odessa, Russia (present day Ukraine), Mohammad Ali plotted his return to power.
In 1911 he landed at Astarabad, Persia, but his forces were defeated. Mohammad Ali Shah returned to Russia, then in 1920 to Constantinople (present day Istanbul) and later to San Remo, Italy, where he died on 5 April 1925 (bur Shrine of Imam Husain, Karbala, Iraq).
Every Shah of Persia since Mohammad Ali has died in exile.
Mirza Nasrollah Khan Moshir od-Dowleh (till 17 March 1907) Mirza Ali-Asghar Khan Amin os-Soltan (1 May 1907 - 31 August 1907) Mohammad-Vali Khan Tonekaboni (1st Term) (13 September 1907 - 21 December 1907) Hossein Khan Nezam os-Saltaneh Mafi (21 December 1907 - 21 May 1908) Morteza-Qoli Khan Hedayat Sani od-Dowleh (21 May 1908 - 7 June 1908) Prince Kamran Mirza Nayeb os-Saltaneh (7 June 1908 - 29 April 1909).