Background
Ibrahim was born in Sudan in 1957.
Ibrahim was born in Sudan in 1957.
Ibrahim was from the Koba branch of the Zaghawa ethnic group, which is located mainly in Sudan, with a minority on the Chad side of the border. He also served as the state minister for education in Darfur between 1991 and 1994 in al-Fashir, North Darfur. A physician, Doctor Khalil spent four months in 1992 to fight Sudan People"s Armed Forces.
By Ibrahim"s own account, he was disaffected with the Islamist movement by 2000 after seeing the economic neglect of the NIF, as well as its support to armed militias.
At this time, he became part of a covert cell of Islamists who were seeking to change the NiF from inside. Doctor Ibrahim went on to serve as the state minister for social affairs in Blue Nile in 1997 before a post as advisor to the governor of Southern Sudan in Juba in 1998.
However, others noted that he never received a national level appointment. He struggled all of his life to get a post in Khartoum." He quit the post in August 1998, several months before the end of his appointment, and formed an non-governmental organization called "Fighting Poverty".
In December 1999, when al-Bashir sidelined al-Turabi with the help of Ali Osman Taha, Doctor Ibrahim was in the Netherlands, studying for a Masters in Public Health at Universiteit Maastricht.
In the meantime, the structure of covert cells that Ibrahim had helped set up in 1994 had spread to Khartoum. In 2001, he was one of twenty people sent out of the country by the dissidents to go public. In August 2001, Ibrahim published a press release from the Netherlands, in which he announced the formation of the Justice and Equality Movement.
The JEM has a relatively small ethnic base of support, being limited to the Kobe Zaghawa, including many kinsmen from across the Chadian border.
Ibrahim received political and financial support from Libya and its leader Muammar Gaddafi. On 5 March 2002, Doctor Ibrahim claimed cr for initiating a government revolt.
This apparent claim of the landmark attack on Golo, actually carried out by the Sudan Liberation Army, was mocked by the Service Level Agreement and the JEM was forced to back away from their announcement. Regardless, the JEM and the anti-government Service Level Agreement formed a loose alliance in prosecuting the In May 2006, the JEM rejected the Abuja peace process, which was accepted by the faction of the Service Level Agreement led by Minni Minnawi, but rejected by the smaller Service Level Agreement factions.
Ibrahim lived in exile in Libya from May 2010 to September 2011, when the Libyan civil war compelled him to flee across the Sahara and return to Darfur.
The Sudanese government and diplomatic sources accused Ibrahim"s group of rebels in Libya of fighting as mercenaries for Libyan strongman Muammar Gaddafi during the war, charges to which Ibrahim never responded. The Sudan Armed Forces announced that it had killed Ibrahim with an air strike in North Kordofan on 25 December 2011.
The dissidents, dubbing themselves the "The Seekers of Truth and Justice" published the Black Book in 2000, claiming that riverine Arabs dominated political power and resources. Khalil Ibrahim sided with the breakaway Popular Congress party, who had split from President al-Bashir"s party. On 30 June 2006, Ibrahim, Khamis Abdalla, the leader of an SLM faction, Doctor Sharif Harir and Ahmed Ibrahim, co-leaders of the National Democratic Alliance (Sudan), founded the National Redemption Front rebel group in Asmara, Eritrea but which is based in Chad.
He was an enthusiastic supporter of the National Islamic Front (NIF) seizure of power under the direction of Islamist Hassan al-Turabi in 1989.