Background
Széll was one of Ferenc Deák"s confidants, whose ward, the daughter of the Hungarian poet Mihály Vörösmarty, he married.
Széll was one of Ferenc Deák"s confidants, whose ward, the daughter of the Hungarian poet Mihály Vörösmarty, he married.
He studied in Pest and Vienna, and in 1867 became deputy for the district of Szentgotthároad
In 1875, he was finance minister in the cabinet of Kálmán Tisza, and as such imposed on himself the task of restoring the shattered cr of Hungary. In 1878 he concluded with Austria the first economic "balancing" (German: Ausgleich). At that time, the single Austrian bank was changed, in conformity with this arrangement, into the dualistic Austro-Hungarian bank, and Széll consolidated the Hungarian Rentes, and nearly succeeded in balancing the state finances.
As he feared that this balance would again be upset by the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, he resigned from the cabinet, incurring thereby the displeasure of the crown.
He still kept his seat in parliament, and as deputy constantly criticized the financial policy of the Tisza cabinet. At the beginning of the 1880s Széll founded the Hungarian Mortgage Cr Bank, of which he was governor until the end of his life.
He opened entirely new sources of cr for Hungarian agriculture. He declined repeated offers of the portfolio of finance.
When Dezső Bánffy"s ministry suffered a serious crisis at the end of 1898 and was compelled to resign in February 1899, Széll was entrusted with the formation of a new cabinet.
By means of the Pact of 23 February 1899, he restored parliamentary peace. On the basis of the so-called Széll formula, a new Ausgleich with Austria until the year 1907 was concluded after long negotiations. In 1901, under Széll"s Ministry, the new elections resulted in a Liberal victory, and Prime Minister Széll formed a government.
A year later began the struggle for the reform of the national defense, and Széll introduced in 1902 a law for increasing the number of recruits, in exchange for which the Independent Party — under the slogan of "no more soldiers without the introduction of Hungarian as the language service and command" — wanted concessions to the principle of nationality.
The obstruction against the provision for defense lasted from the end of January to 4 April 1903, and resulted in the suspension of the constitution ("Ex lex" condition). Széll sought to wear down the opposition by delay.
As part of the majority would not agree to this, he resigned on 16 June 1903. When his successor, István Tisza, on 18 November 1904, brought about a split in the Liberal party by forcing through parliament new rules of procedure, Széll joined Gyula Andrássy in the secession from the party.
Under the coalition cabinet of Sándor Wekerle, Széll was chosen chairman of the Constitution Party.
He tried continually, but in vain, to bridge the opposition between Tisza and Andrássy. Széll married Ilona Vörösmarty, daughter of poet Mihály Vörösmarty on 16 September 1867. They had a daughter, named Ilona.
Hungarian Academy of Sciences.