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The Erosion Of Guns ...
reprint
Henry Marion Howe
American Institute of Mining Engineers, 1918
History; Military; Weapons; History / Military / Weapons; Ordnance; Technology & Engineering / Military Science
(Excerpt from Copper Smelting
In roasting pyritous ores a...)
Excerpt from Copper Smelting
In roasting pyritous ores a considerable amount of arsenic and even of antimony may be expelled as sulphide, in combination with the sulphur volatilized from the pyrites.
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Howe was born in Boston, Massachussets, in 1848. He was the son of Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe and Julia (Ward) Howe. From both parents he inherited intelligence, spirituality, keenness, refinement, passion for the pursuit of knowledge, and the gift of clear and felicitous statement.
Education
He attended in prompt succession and graduated from the Boston Latin School (1865), Harvard College (B. A. , 1869), and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1871). He then became a student in a steel works at Troy, N. Y.
Career
In 1872 he went as superintendent of a Bessemer plant to the Joliet Iron & Steel Company, Joliet, Ill. , and the following year was associated with the Blair Iron & Steel Works, Pittsburgh, Pa. For five years he devoted himself to the metallurgy of copper, making a professional trip to Chile in 1877; and from 1879 to 1882 he was engaged in the design and erection of copper works at Bergen Point, N. J. , and Capelton and Eustis, Quebec. In 1882 he had an experience in frontier life as manager of the Pima Copper Mining & Smelting Company in Arizona. He then established himself as consulting metallurgist in Boston, Massachussets (1883 - 97), at the same time lecturing upon metallurgy at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1897 he was called to a professorship in Columbia University, from which he retired in 1913 with the title of professor emeritus.
The problem to which Howe devoted a lifetime was suggested by Alexander Lyman Holley when he took "What is Steel?" as the title of a paper which he read in October 1875 before the American Institute of Mining Engineers. This paper of Holley's had itself been called forth by a series of articles by Howe upon the nomenclature of iron, which had just appeared in the Engineering and Mining Journal (August 28-September 18, 1875), setting forth what was then Howe's conception of what it was that should be called "steel" at the custom house. From Howe's subsequent years of research resulted two monumental works, The Metallurgy of Steel (1890), and The Metallography of Steel and Cast Iron (1916), which Le Chatelier pronounced epochmaking. He also published Copper Smelting (1885), Metallurgical Laboratory Notes (1902), Iron, Steel, and Other Alloys (1903), and some three hundred other technical papers.
In 1917 he undertook a study of the erosion of big guns for the Naval Consulting Board, publishing his results in Volume LVIII (1918) of the Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers. He was consulting metallurgist to the United States Bureau of Standards, 1918-22, a member of the National Research Council in 1918, and in 1919, chairman of its Division of Engineering. In 1919 also he was scientific attaché of the American embassy at Paris. He was greatly interested in the promotion of the international organization of science.
He died at Bedford Hills, N. Y. , in his seventy-fifth year.
Achievements
He was awarded five or six medals of distinction, and was knight of the Order of St. Stanislas (Russia), and chevalier of the Legion of Honor (France).
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
Membership
He was an honorary member of nine societies; president, at one time or another, of five; he held six fellowships.
Connections
On April 9, 1874, he married Fannie Gay of Troy, N. Y. She accompanied him upon all of his journeyings, and throughout their life together was of inestimable help to him.