Background
He was born at Loja, near Granada.
historian philosopher writer autobiographer
He was born at Loja, near Granada.
Some of his poems decorate the walls of the Alhambra in Granada. al-Khatib spent most of his life as vizir at the court of Muhammed V, but was exiled from Granada twice and lived for some time in the Marinid empire in Morocco (the first time 1360-62 and the second time 1371-74 in Ceuta and Tlemcen and Fes). Earlier and modern historians assume that he was executed as a result of his many political feuds in Granada. His body was burned then buried at "Bab Mahruq", one of the gates of the city of Fes.
His private feuds with the Nasrid Kings of Granada were the main reason of this treatment. He excelled as a historian and he wrote excellent poetry some of which was put to music as muwashshahat. His autobiography, written in 1369, is to be found in part of his al-Ihata fi akhbar Gharnata (The Complete Source on the History of Granada) ed.
Muhammad Abd Allah Inan (Cairo: Maktabat al-Khanji, 1978). This work has yet to be translated into English. Ibn al-Khatib is thought to have developed the idea of contagion -- i.e. that disease is spread from one person to another by close contact -- long before European Louis Pasteur.
The Black Death bubonic plague reached al-Andalus in the 14th century. Islamic scholars at the time followed the hadith from al-Bukhari’s al-Sahih that taught that the Islamic prophet Mohammad had said that plague,
“was a scourge sent by Allah unto whom He willed. A person who stays in the affected town, shows patience and believes that nothing will befall him except what Allah has ordained, will receive the same reward as a martyr”.
Ibn al-Khatib wrote a treatise called , in which he stated:
'The existence of contagion is established by experience by trustworthy reports on transmission by garments, vessels, ear-rings. By the spread of it by persons from one house, by infection of a healthy sea-port by an arrival from an infected land by the immunity of isolated individuals.'
While the plague hadith indicated that the Prophet suggested otherwise,
'a proof taken from the traditions has to undergo modification when in manifest contradiction with the evidence of the perception of the senses.'"
However some (Sadakat Kadri) believe this may have led to his execution by strangulation for "heresy".