Background
RASKOL’NIKOV, Fyodor was born in January 1892 in Saint St. Petersburg.
RASKOL’NIKOV, Fyodor was born in January 1892 in Saint St. Petersburg.
Studied at Saint St. Petersburg Polytech Institute.
1911 contributed to Bolshevik weekly “Zvezda”. From April 1912 secretary, newspaper “Pravda”. During World War 1 served with Baltic Fleet.
After 1917 February Revol contributed to “Pravda”, then edited Bolshevik newspaper “Golos pravdy” in Kronstadt. Chairman, Kronstadt Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Committee. During 1917 July demonstration headed column of Baltic Fleet sailors and was commandant of Kshesinskaya’s house, which served as the headquarters of the Centr Committee and the Pctrograd Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Committee.
July 1917 arrested by Privisional Government but released three months later. Took part in 1917 October Revol. 2 November 1917 dispatched to Moscow with armored train of Baltic Fleet sailors.
Late November 1917 at All-Russian Naval Congress elected first Red Naval officer January 1918, at meeting of Constituent Assembly, delivered Bolshevik faction’s notice of withdrawal from Constituent Assembly. From November 1918 comissar, Naval General Staff.
From January 1919 Deputy People's Commissar for Naval Affairs and Collegium member. People's Commissariat of Naval Affairs. July 1918 appointed member, Revol Military Council, Eastern Front.
From August 1918 commanded Volga Naval Flotilla. September 1918 member, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Revol Military Council. From December 1918 assistant commander (for naval affairs), 7th Army and member, Revol Military Council, Baltic Fleet.
Captured during naval engagement in Baltic. Transported to London and in May 1919 exchanged for British officiers held prisoner in Russia. From 1919 commanded Caspian Flotilla.
From June 1920 commander Baltic Fleet. From 1921 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic plenipotentiary in Afghanistan. 1924-1930 ed, journals “Molodaya gvardiya” and “Krasnaya nov'”.
Chief ed, “Moscow Worker” Publ House. Chairman. Main Committee for Control of Shows and Repertoire, head, Main Art Board, and Collegium member, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic People's Commissariat of Education. From 1939 member, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Writers’ Union.
1930-1938 dipl work in Est, Denmark and Bulgaria. July 1939, while in France, published an open letter entitled “How They Made Maine an ‘Enemy of the People’” defending himself and other prominent Party and government officials who were falling victim to the Stalinist purges. Subsequently deprived of Soviet citizenship.
Wrote numerous articles, books and plays.
Religion is bad because it forces people to rely on outside authority, rather than becoming self-reliant.
Individuals have rights to express freedom if it safeguarde the interests of a collective.
Communist Party member from 1910.