Background
Pierre Soulé was born in 1801 Castillon-en-Couserans, a village in the French Pyrénées, the son of a prominent Napoleonic officer.
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Pierre Soulé was born in 1801 Castillon-en-Couserans, a village in the French Pyrénées, the son of a prominent Napoleonic officer.
He graduated from the University of Bordeaux.
By the age of twenty-four he had for a second time fled into the safety of exile. Proceeding by way of England and Port-au-Prince, Haiti, he eventually settled in New Orleans. His early career in Louisiana was identified with his law practice and some business concerns. Increasingly, however, Soulé became a politician active in the Democratic Party. He was prominent in the state constitutional convention of 1844 and, in 1846, was elected to the state senate. In 1849 he secured election to the U. S. Senate, defeating the faction led by John Slidell and making himself the Democratic leader of Louisiana. In Washington he became a chief spokesman of the extreme Southern group; he was also an active supporter of slavery and of U. S. conquests that would extend its jurisdiction. At the same time, he was a leader of the Young America group, which advocated the replacement of European monarchies by republics. At the start of the administration of Franklin Pierce in 1853, Soule sought a foreign mission and was finally given that in Madrid (April 1853). The decision was made by the unpredictable Pierce himself and against the opposition of Secretary of State William L. Marcy and several European ministers to Washington. The opposition arose from Soule's "red republicanism, " his urging of the U. S. acquisition of Spanish-held Cuba, and his ardent and often irascible character. The climax of his mission came in the famous Ostend conference, which he held with James Buchanan and John Y. Mason, the U. S. ministers to Great Britain and France. Already instructed by Marcy to seek to obtain the independence of Cuba from Spain, Soule was now directed to confer with these men "for perfect concert of action in aid of your negotiations. " The intention of the U. S. government was to mobilize the influential European holders of Spanish bonds to force a sale of the island to the United States as a means of securing payment of their debt. Under Soule's passionate leadership, however, what emerged was a public "manifesto" (October 1854) calling, if purchase failed and if an alleged threat of black revolt in Cuba seemed to present a danger to the nearby Southern states, for the United States to "wrest" the island from Spain "if we possess the power. " When the U. S. government rejected this proposal, Soule resigned (December 1854). Since he had also been engaged that summer in revolutionary intrigues with the Spanish republicans, a small minority in the country, his resignation was doubly welcomed by conservative opinion in the United States, including the great majority of the U. S. public. Subsequently Soule practiced law, one of his cases being in defense of William Walker, the Nicaraguan filibuster, and served as a Confederate official and, although not in the field, as a brigadier general. He died, insane, on March 26, 1870, in New Orleans.
(Leopold Classic Library is delighted to publish this clas...)
(This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curat...)
He was a leader of the Young America group.
He married Henrietta Armantine Mercier.
