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HAWTREY, Ralph George was born in 1879 in England.
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(This historic book may have numerous typos and missing te...)
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1857 Excerpt: ...the quality of the limestone itself, and on the nature of the iron ore. In a general way, where clay-band ironstone is smelted, from 12 to 17 cwt. of limestone will be necessary to each ton of pig-iron made. The most advantageous plan would be, if possible, to use different ores, of such compositions as to flux themselves; but although this is seldom practicable, a great deal may often be done towards it by careful analysis of the ironstones available, and making judicious admixtures of them. From 2 to 2% tons of cinder are produced for one ton of metal; consequently it is obvious that if the cinder contain any considerable per centage of metal, the total loss of iron must be very serious, and strict attention is necessary so as to prevent any waste of metal from this cause. CINDER. THE materials supplied to the blast furnace, after undergoing various chemical changes, are passed from it in the form of iron, slag or cinder, ashes, which form comparatively but a small proportion, and the gaseous products given off at the tunnel-head. The slag or cinder, whenever a sufficient quantity has accumulated in the hearth, flows over the clam-stone at the cinder-notch, as a constant stream of liquid fire, and from its appearance gives an experienced keeper good indications of the state of the work of his furnace. Cinder varies in its composition and appearance according to the materials employed in the furnace, but the following are its most usual appearances taken in connexion with the quality of iron produced. The cinder, when a furnace is in good order and making No. 1 pig-iron, is, when cold, of a dirty white or cream or stone colour, and porous, its general appearance being somewhat like pumice-stone, but heavier, and is occasionally tinged with slight shades of...
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HAWTREY, Ralph George was born in 1879 in England.
Bachelor of Arts (Mathematics) University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
One of the British economists responsible for the rethinking of monetary theory after 1919, he also pioneered the ‘income’ approach in Britain. The value of his contribution was in clarifying the operation of the banking system and the role of money in the twentiethcentury economy. His views on topics, such as the futility of public works as a method of avoiding slumps, underwent considerable modification as circumstances changed, but the fundamental ideas on the role of the Bank Rate and the influence of the credit system remained consistent.
Civil Servant, United Kingdom Treasury, 1904-1945. Price Professor International Economics, Royal Institute, Institution International Affairs, 1947-1952.
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(First Published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylo...)