Background
KAMO, (real was born on May 27, 1882 in Gori, Georgia
KAMO, (real was born on May 27, 1882 in Gori, Georgia
1920-1921 studied at Military Academy.
1901 began revol activities. Distributed illegal lit in Tiflis, Baku, Batumi, Kutaisi, Gori and other cities. Organized underground printing presses.
November 1903 arrested. September 1904 escaped from -prison. 1905 Party work organizing and training armed workers squads and collecting weapons.
During December 1905 uprising in Tiflis led detachment of armed workers. Wounded five times in battles with Cossacks. Imprisoned in Metekli Castle and tortured but managed to deceive police and escape.
March 1906 went to Saint St. Petersburg, where he first met Lenin. On Lenin’s orders went abroad to buy weapons and smuggle them into Russia. 1905-1906 organized various robberies to collect funds for the Party.
1907 arranged theft of 250.000 rubles of treasury funds on Erivan Square in Tiflis. The money was taken to Saint St. Petersburg and turned over to the Party. 1905-1917 smuggled arms and munitions from Saint St. Petersburg to Tiflis.
November 1907 betrayed by an agentprovocateur and arrested in Berlin by German police. Simulated insanity to escape trial and extradition to Russia. Late 1909 turned over to Tsarist authorities, taken to Tiflis, imprisoned in Metekh Castle and court-martialed.
15 August 1911 escaped from prison hospital and fled to Paris. On Lenin’s orders arranged transport of Party lit to Russia. 1912 returned to Russia, arrested and sentenced to death.
Under 1913 amnesty (in connection with 300th anniversary of Romanovs) sentence commuted to 20 years’ hard labor, to be served in the Kharkov Penitentiary. 6 March 1917 released. December 1917 sent by South. G. Shaumyan to Saint St. Petersburg with a letter for Lenin.
8 January 1918 brought Lenin’s letters to Tiflis and resolution of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Council of People's Commissar appointing Shaumyan provisional comissar extraordinary of the Caucasus. 1919 arrived in Astrakhan’ by boat from Baku with G. K. Ordzhonikidze. Spring 1919 commissioned by Lenin to organize a partisan detachment for operations behind enemy lines.
1919 formed partisan detachment which operated near Kursk and Oryol and later behind the lines of Denikin’s forces on the Southern Front. Brought arms and money for North Caucasian underground Party organisation and partisans by way of Astrakhan’ in a fishing boat. 15 January 1920 arrested in Tiflis by Menshevik government.
18 months later released and given 24 hours to leave Georgia Moved to Baku and helped to prepare Bolshevik uprising. May 1920, after liberation of Baku by the Red Army, moved to Moscow.
Studied at military academic 1921 worked for Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Minister of Foreign Trade. From early 1922 worked for Geo People's Commissariat of Finance.
Communist Party member from 1901.