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This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
State Publications: A Provisional List of Official Publications of the Several States of the United States from Their Organization, Volume 4
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
The Reader's Guide in Economic, Social and Political Science: Being a Classified Bibliography, Ameri
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This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curated for quality. Quality assurance was conducted on each of these books in an attempt to remove books with imperfections introduced by the digitization process. Though we have made best efforts - the books may have occasional errors that do not impede the reading experience. We believe this work is culturally important and have elected to bring the book back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. This text refers to the Bibliobazaar edition.
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SftftSSGNORANT or educated, selftaught or schooled, the boy or Facing the girl, the man or woman, beo gins life, faces the world. The world, it is said, is all before him where to choose. At first, this does not seem true. The world of present and personal possibilities is but a part of the great world. Yet it is the open door. Every road leads everywhere. A boy with yff an aim in life, and will-power behind the aim, has good chance for any goal The girls choice, of old, was passive; she had to Zwait for her world till a man should open the- door for her. But to-day her world also is- within her choice; she also may have aim, Jand need not wait the happening man. NowChoice of adays, boy or girl alike may each measurably Vdecide what his or her busy-ness, work in the world, shall be. Free-will steers predestination, and purpose builds in and out from environment, as the rudder of the great ship, answering to will, controls and directs the predestinating forces of steam and wave. It is a prime usefulness of education that it enables the youth to make a fit choice.
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Tags: business life labor public pay money world men capital arts cost product nature trade land wages price social personal service
The Arts of Life: Of Education, with Appended Addresses On "The Scholar" and "The College of To-Day"
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About the Book
Biographical books, or bios, are detaile...)
About the Book
Biographical books, or bios, are detailed descriptions of a person's life. A biography is more than simply the basic facts, like education, work, relationships, and death. It portrays a person's experience of major life events. A biography presents a subject's life story, emphasizing certain aspects of his or her life, and including intimate details of their experiences, which may include an analysis of their personality. Biographical works are generally non-fiction, but fictional works can also be used to portray a person's life. An in-depth form of biographical coverage is referred to as legacy writing. An authorized biography refers to a book written with the permission, cooperation, and at times, participation of the subject or the subject's heirs. An autobiography, on the other hand, is written by the person themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a collaborator or “ghostwriter”.
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State Publications: A Provisional List of Official Publications of the Several States of the United States from Their Organization, Volumes 1-2
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
Richard Rogers Bowker was an American editor, publisher, bibliographer, author. First, the president of the New York Library Club (1885) and a fellow of the American Library Institute, he was a trustee of the Brooklyn Library from 1888 to his death and president of the Stockbridge Library Association, 1904-28.
Background
Richard Rogers Bowker was born on September 4, 1848, in Salem, Massachusetts. He was the only son and first of two children of Daniel Rogers and Theresa Maria (Savory) Bowker.
His grandfather, Joel Bowker, who was a commodity wholesaler at the Salem wharf, came of English stock, while his mother was of Huguenot descent. The family business failed in 1857 and Richard's parents removed to New York City, where the father engaged in the manufacture of barrel machinery.
Education
The boy's schooling, which began at "Marm" Percy's in Salem, was continued in another dame school in New York. Plans for a Harvard education did not materialize and he attended the Free Academy, which had become the College of the City of New York by the time of his graduation in 1868. Here he is credited with having begun the first effort at student government in an American educational institution.
He was also instrumental in obtaining a chapter of Phi Beta Kappa for his college, although he was not elected to it at the time because of "rebellious activities. "
Career
Bowker's inclination for journalism was established in his student days. Editor and manager of one of the first collegiate publications in the country, he contributed a description of his Commencement to the newly launched New York Evening Mail which promptly won him the city editorship of that newspaper. Within a year he was made its literary editor (1869) and thus became the first editor of the kind on a New York daily.
He held this post until 1875 when he joined the literary department of the New York Tribune. This work brought him into association with writers and publishers, including Frederick Leypoldt, for whose second Trade Circular Annual (1871), he wrote "Literature in America in 1871. " With the appearance of Leypoldt's Publishers' Weekly in 1873, Bowker became a regular contributor. When this and other literary publications and catalogs issued by Leypoldt fell into financial trouble, Bowker went to their rescue in 1879 with his own and borrowed money.
He purchased the Publishers' Weekly and took over the issuance of The American Catalogue (later Catalog), which listed all books in print in the United States. The years 1880-82 he spent among English literary personages as agent for a British edition of Harper's Magazine; from 1884 until his death he was editor of the Publishers' Weekly.
The American catalogs he edited through 1910. He sensed the need of a publication devoted to library interests and in September 1876, with Leypoldt and Melvil Dewey, he founded the Library Journal and arranged the organization meeting of the American Library Association in Philadelphia a month later. Though a devoted worker in its meetings, Bowker declined tenders of the presidency in the belief that this should be reserved for professional librarians.
He was a member of the association's council, however, and in 1926 the organization's great indebtedness to him was recognized with his election as honorary president for the fiftieth anniversary year.
First, the president of the New York Library Club (1885) and a fellow of the American Library Institute, he was a trustee of the Brooklyn Library from 1888 to his death and president of the Stockbridge Library Association, 1904-28.
An officer of the American Free Trade League when it held a national conference in Detroit in 1883, he joined in a pre-election petition to Cleveland in behalf of tariff reform; and when Cleveland released his tariff message in 1887, Bowker prepared an edition, documented with statistics and other factual matter, which brought him an appreciative summons to the White House.
He was, at the same time, equally intent on establishing merit as the basis for public employment; as a member of the group of independents that met at the Republican convention of 1880, he drafted the original national civil-service-reform plank. He was a directing force in the Civil Service Reform Association from 1883 and after Cleveland's election worked with Carl Schurz and others in the administration to substitute merit for spoils politics.
He also gave much attention to postal regulations he helped draw up a postal code as early as 1879 and copyright law, on which he became an outstanding authority. Making the Publishers' Weekly a champion of authors' rights, Bowker waged campaigns that were important factors in the form as well as the passage of the copyright acts of 1891 and 1909.
When Bryan was nominated in 1896, Bowker affiliated himself with the "gold" Democrats and in the campaign prepared a series of anti-silver articles for Joseph Pulitzer, which were printed as "The World's Schoolhouse" in the New York World. This interest in public affairs never flagged. Founder of the Society for Political Education in 1880, he was still working for tariff reform in 1922 when he prepared bulletins against the Fordney-McCumber bill which he called the "mad tariff. "
Although approaching eighty-five, he was attracted to the "New Deal" of 1933; eager to follow the unprecedented developments in Washington, he studied the publishers' code under the National Industrial Recovery Act and urged his company to fullest cooperation.
When the De Laval Steam Turbine Company was formed in New York in 1901, Bowker was made its vice-president and the next year he took the same post in the De Laval Separator Company. These connections he kept until 1931. More than once his earnings in industry offset losses on bibliographical and other publishing enterprises which did not pay for themselves. In 1896, he declined the executive responsibility of the New York Times and the presidency of New York's Third Avenue railroad.
Bedfast for two months, he died of the infirmities of age in his eighty-sixth year at his Housatonic River farm home, "Glendale Outlook, " Stockbridge, Massachusetts, where he was buried.
Achievements
As the editor of the Library Journal for more than fifty years and its publisher, after 1911, through the R. R. Bowker Company, of which he was president, Bowker probably did more than any other man of his times to develop professional library standards. He took merited satisfaction in his part in inducing McKinley to appoint Herbert Putnam as Librarian of Congress in 1899.
A frequent speaker at library gatherings, he attended United Kingdom meetings in Edinburgh and Cambridge and international conferences in London (1897) and Brussels (1910). Later projects which interested him in the international library field were the library of the League of Nations and the reorganization of the Vatican Library.
His contributions to bibliography included the first list of publications of American scientific and literary societies (1899), the first systematized list of United States Government publications and the earliest list of state documents. For the second compilation of this sort (1908), he visited many of the state capitals and collected his data first-hand.
Another measure of Bowker's far-ranging mind was his active membership in many civic and scientific organizations.
A successful commercial publisher, he was also an able businessman. His skill as an executive brought him in 1890 an invitation to be the first vice-president of the Edison company of Brooklyn, a post he held until 1899.
Bowker also left a permanent mark on American politics. Though a Republican, he was a supporter of free trade from his college years and about the time of his graduation he made a speech at Hackensack against Republican machine methods in New Jersey. In 1879, he attacked the bossism of Senator Roscoe Conkling in an open letter (signed "Bolter") to George William Curtis published on September 5, in the New York Evening Post out of which grew a vigorous political youth group called the 'Young Scratchers, " with Bowker as the leader.
This developed into the independent Republican or "mugwump" movement, which Bowker served as chairman of working committees in favor of Cleveland in 1884.
Views
A practical idealist, he was always ready with a new plan of attack when others were willing to concede defeat; for years the "log-cabin conferences" at his hospitable Berkshire retreat were sources of inspiration to younger colleagues in many fields.
Quotations:
"What through the years, a man has become, what he is in himself, what he is to his fellow men, this is the test of life. "
Membership
Bowker was a fellow of the New York Library Club.
Personality
With delicate features and a beard and mustache, long snow-white, Bowker looked the scholar and literary man.
Throughout his career, Bowker suffered from eye trouble and his last years were spent in blindness from cataract. Uncomplaining he cheerfully kept at his many interests and activities; after he could no longer see faces he recognized fellow workers by their voices.
Connections
Bowker's widow, Alice Mitchell, a native of Rockford, Illinois, to whom he was married, January 1, 1902, in Brookline, Massachusetts, survived him without issue.
Father:
Daniel Rogers Bowker
1820–1895
Mother:
Theresa Maria Bowker
1825–1906
Grandfather:
Joel Bowker
1775–1858
Wife:
Alice Mitchell Bowker
1864 - 1941
Friend:
Thomas A. Edison
American inventor and businessman
As a friend and confidant of Thomas A. Edison, he went to Paris in 1895 to observe the operation of the De Laval turbines, and thence to Sweden to see the head of the De Laval company and to buy turbines from it for the Edison company.
