Background
Robert Fletcher was born on March 6, 1823, in Bristol, England, the son of Robert Fletcher and Esther Wall. His father was an attorney and accountant.
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Robert Fletcher was born on March 6, 1823, in Bristol, England, the son of Robert Fletcher and Esther Wall. His father was an attorney and accountant.
Following his preliminary studies Fletcher was taken into his father’s office with a view to a career in the law.
After two years, however, he decided to take up the study of medicine. Fletcher entered the Bristol Medical College in 1839, later transferring to the London Hospital, where he completed his studies.
Fletcher came to the United States in 1847 and settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, for the practise of his profession.
Following the outbreak of the Civil War, he became surgeon of the 16t Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, in which capacity he served for nearly three years in the field. He was then placed in charge of Hospital No. 7, at Nashville, Tennessee, and later made chief medical purveyor of the Army of the Cumberland. In the meantime he had been commissioned a surgeon of volunteers, and at the end of the war received the brevets of lieutenant-colonel and colonel, "for faithful and meritorious service".
Declining a commission in the regular establishment, he took up his residence in Washington and had an active part in the preparation of two volumes of Statistics, Medical and Anthropological, of the Provost Marshal General’s Bureau (1875), compiled under the supervision of Colonel Jedediah H. Baxter, Medical Corps, United States Army, prefacing this valuable work with a treatise on the science of anthropometry.
In 1876 Fletcher became associated with the library of the surgeon-general’s office as assistant to Colonel John Shaw Billings, who was then engaged in the preliminary work upon the Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General’s Office, the first volume of which appeared in 1880. Through the first series of this publication Fletcher was chief assistant to Billings in the work of redaction.
After the completion of the first series of the Index-Catalogue in 1895, Billings retired from the army and the continuation of the work devolved upon Fletcher, who applied himself to it until the beginning of his last illness. In 1879 Billings and Fletcher, as co-editors, put out the Index Medicus, as an extra-official publication. It ran through twenty- one volumes (1879 - 1899), was suspended for a time, then began publication again in 1903, being issued by the Carnegie Institution of Washington, with Fletcher as editor-in-chief from 1903 to 1911.
Despite thirty-five years of exacting preoccupation on these two bibliographical publications, Fletcher found time for numerous contributions to the literature of anthropology and the history of medicine. His monograph On Prehistoric Trephining and Cranial Amulets (1881) was the first treatment of the subject in the English language, and covered everything on the subject up to the time of its publication. The paper on "Medical Lore of the Older English Dramatists and Poets", was equally complete and scientific. The "Tragedy of the Great Plague at Milan in 1630", was a literary achievement, the story of which was suggested by an old Italian print.
Fletcher’s interest in the poetry of his native England was given further expression in his essay on "Myths of the Robin Redbreast in Early English Poetry", and he cherished an unfulfilled ambition to bring out an enlarged paper containing the results of his later investigations of the subject. Perhaps from his early legal studies he took a deep interest in medical jurisprudence, on which subject he was a lecturer at the Columbian (now George Washington) University, Washington, during the years 1884 - 1888 and at The Johns Hopkins Hospital Medical School from 1897 to 1903.
Fletcher had an attack of diphtheria in the spring of 1911 which left him enfeebled until his death the following year on November 8, 1912, in Washington, District of Columbia.
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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Robert Fletcher was made a member of the Royal College of Surgeons and a licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries in 1844.
Fletcher was an active member of The Johns Hopkins Historical Society and contributed many of his historical essays to its publications.
Also Fletcher was a member of the Metropolitan and Cosmos Clubs.
Robert Fletcher was a man of striking personality. He was above the medium height, always well groomed and with a dignified military bearing, age made him a typical courtly gentleman of the old school.
Quotes from others about the person
"He had a rare gift for friendship. After his jurisprudence lecture many of us would gather, delighted to hear Doctor Fletcher’s reminiscences of the profession, which went back to the forties. He had met Sir Astley Cooper and he knew well the famous old men of the Bristol School and could tell tales of the Middle West in the palmy days of Drake and Dudley and Caldwell. It was a rare treat to dine with him quietly in his club in Washington. He knew his Brillat-Savarin well and could order a dinner that would have made the mouth of Coelius Apicius to water. " (Sir William Osier)
In 1843, in his native Bristol, Robert Fletcher married Hannah, daughter of John Howe. The couple had three children.