Education
He studied medicine and philosophy in Freiburg im Breisgau and Leipzig, relocating in 1885 to Berlin, where he composed a work on the philosophy of John Locke in relation to René Descartes.
psychiatrist psychologist university professor
He studied medicine and philosophy in Freiburg im Breisgau and Leipzig, relocating in 1885 to Berlin, where he composed a work on the philosophy of John Locke in relation to René Descartes.
He is remembered for his work in experimental psychology. In 1887 he received his doctorate of philosophy, afterwards working as an assistant in the laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) at Leipzig. From 1889 he was an assistant at a psychiatric hospital in Rybnik, earning his habilitation at Würzburg in 1892.
In 1895 he became an associate professor of psychiatry at the University of Giessen, where during the following year he established a "centre for psychiatry".