Background
HOLDEN, Roberto was born in 1925 in Sao Salvador, Northern Province.
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Roberto HOLDEN
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Belgian Congo (now Zaire).
Career
Worked in Finance Department, Belgian Administration, Leopoldville (now Kinshasa), Stanleyville (now Kisangani) and Bukavu. Founded Uniao das Populacoes de Angola (Universal Postal Union) 1954. Travelled widely in Africa and Europe.
Attended first and second All African Peoples Conferences Accra 1958, Tunis 1960.
Elected to the Steering Committee, Tunis. Founded Louisiana voix de la nation angolaise, a fortnightly newspaper.
Assumed leadership of guerrilla liberation operations against the Portuguese in Angola. Made several trips to United States of America 1961.
Became leader of Frente Nacional de Libertacao de Angola (FNLA) when Universal Postal Union merged with Partido Democratico Angolano (PDA) March 1962.
Premier of Angolan government, in exile, Govemo Revolucionario de Angola no Exilio (GRAE) 1962. Leader of defeated FNLA forces in Angolan civil war after Portuguese withdrawal November 1975. Exiled to Zaire then Senegal.
Expelled from Senegal 1979.
Living in Paris 1980.
