Delegation, Petrograd City Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Conference and 7th (April) All-Russian Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Conference. After 1917 October Revol exec Party work in Petrograd, Samara, Yekaterinburg and Minsk. 1926 joined "New Opposition”.
1927 at 15th All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Congress expelled from the Party as active member of Trotskyist opposition. 1928 re-admitted to the Party. 1934 reexpelled for anti-Party and anti-Soviet activities.
Later imprisoned.
Religion is a tool used by the ruling classes for the masses to relieve their suffering via the act of experiencing religious emotions.
Communist Party is the leading force of Soviet society, and the nucleus of all state and public organizations.
Communist Party member from 1916.