Background
Samuel Luther Dana was born on July 11, 1795 at Amherst, New Hampshire, United States. He was the son of Luther and Lucy (Giddings) Dana and the brother of James Freeman Dana.
(Originally published in 1851. This volume from the Cornel...)
Originally published in 1851. This volume from the Cornell University Library's print collections was scanned on an APT BookScan and converted to JPG 2000 format by Kirtas Technologies. All titles scanned cover to cover and pages may include marks notations and other marginalia present in the original volume.
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( This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923....)
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Samuel Luther Dana was born on July 11, 1795 at Amherst, New Hampshire, United States. He was the son of Luther and Lucy (Giddings) Dana and the brother of James Freeman Dana.
Entering Harvard College in 1809, Dana graduated in 1813. Immediately after graduation, he joined the army and served till the end of the War of 1812.
He then resumed his studies, specializing in medicine, and received the Doctor of Medicine in 1818.
Dana began to practise at Waltham, Massachusetts, and continued there until 1826. Realizing the need of solving the chemical problems of the manufacturers of cotton goods in Massachusetts, he gave up medicine and devoted his time to applied chemistry.
In 1826 he built a small plant in Waltham for the manufacture of sulphuric acid and bleaching substances. This was soon merged with the Newton Chemical Company, of which he was the superintendent and chemist till 1833.
On his return from a professional visit to Europe, he became chemist at the Merrimac Print Works, Lowell, Massachusetts, where he remained till his death. The results of one of his early investigations concerning the bleaching of cotton cloth led to the adoption throughout the United States of what became known as the “American system of bleaching. ”
Another investigation, concerning calico-printing, resulted in the improvement in the minor details which gave the goods printed in Lowell a high reputation. A special result related to the use of cow-dung in calico printing. Dana showed that the action of this animal material was largely due to the sodium phosphate in it. Immediate improvements in calico-printing were made in the United States by the substitution of sodium phosphate, made from bones, for the bulky, undesirable animal excrement. This work naturally led Dana to study the nature of manures.
In 1842 he published A Muck Manual for Farmers, a work dealing with the chemistry of soils and manures. It attracted immediate attention and went through several editions.
About 1848 he investigated the cause of the bright inner surface of lead service-pipes in Lowell, and found the corrosion was due to the chemical action of gases in the water obtained from driven wells. He presented to the local authorities a report in which he pronounced the water unfit for drinking owing to the danger of lead-poisoning. This report was soon followed by his translation from the French of L. Tanquerel Des Planches, of a work which he published under the title, Lead Diseases (1848).
In 1851 he became interested in the manufacture of oil from rosin and within the next few years he made many improvements in this industry. Much of his time in latter years was spent on a farm, where his views on agriculture were tested.
Dana invented “American system of bleaching. ” He wrote one of the first scientific treatises on agriculture written by an American and published in the United States. He wrote An Essay on Manures (1850), which was widely used as a rural handbook and for which the author was awarded a prize by the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture.
( This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923....)
(Originally published in 1851. This volume from the Cornel...)
Dana was twice married, first, on June 5, 1820, Ann Theodora, daughter of Joseph Willard, a president of Harvard, and subsequently to Augusta, her older sister.
