Background
Samuel Wilson Parr was born on January 21, 1857 in Granville, Putnam County, Illinois, United States. He was the son of James and Elizabeth Fidelia (Moore) Parr.
(Excerpt from Purchase and Sale of Illinois Coal on Specif...)
Excerpt from Purchase and Sale of Illinois Coal on Specification Without question, the critical point in the entire range of coal inspection and analysis is in the sampling. If the sample taken is truly representative of the entire lot, the results, if accurate in themselves, furnish correct information as to the larger mass of which the sample is a part. If, on the other hand, the sample is in error, the results of the analysis though correct in themselves will be in error so far as they relate to the mass under consideration. Throughout the process Of sampling two points must be Observed with scrupulous care. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from The Occluded Gases in Coal Concerning the w...)
Excerpt from The Occluded Gases in Coal Concerning the work here outlined on the occluded gases, it should be said that the study is not to be considered by any means complete. The facts obtained make a well rounded unit, as a preliminary study, and since a considerable time must elapse before the final round of work can be completed, it has seemed advisable to publish the results that have been thus far worked out with much skill and patience by Mr. Barker. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from Chemical Study of Illinois Coals In the fi...)
Excerpt from Chemical Study of Illinois Coals In the fifteen years which have intervened since the first study was made of the chemical composition and properties of the coals of the State, notable advancement has been made in methods of procedure in connection with such work. This result has naturally followed our increased knowledge and better understanding of the properties of this complex substance, but especially has it been caused by the marked changes which have occurred in the methods of purchasing coal, especially on the part of large consumers, whose contracts are based on specifications as to quality. This method has led to a care ful scrutiny of all processes yielding factors which enter into the final settlement. Small errors in large consignments may result in serious injustice to one or the other of the parties involved. These studies, therefore, have been especially directed to sampling, the conservation of moisture, and the determination of ash and of heat values. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Samuel Wilson Parr was born on January 21, 1857 in Granville, Putnam County, Illinois, United States. He was the son of James and Elizabeth Fidelia (Moore) Parr.
After preliminary training in the academy at Granville, Samuel Wilson Parr entered the University of Illinois. Here he was a leader in both literary and athletic activities and graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science in 1884, valedictorian of his class. The following year he spent at Cornell University, from which he received the degree of Master of Science.
Upon completing his work at Cornell, Samuel Wilson Parr went to Illinois College, Jacksonville, where, after serving as instructor for a year, he became professor of general science. In 1891 he was called to the University of Illinois as professor of chemistry, which position he held until 1926, when he became professor emeritus, thereafter devoting his time to research and to a number of business enterprises. During the years 1900 - 1901 he studied in Berlin and Zürich. At the University of Illinois he took a keen interest in the various activities of student life. He furthered outdoor sports, was for some years leader of the university glee club, and was chairman of the board of directors of the university Young Men's Christian Association.
An effective teacher, he inspired many students to become diligent investigators and good citizens. He was influential in the organization of the curriculum of chemical engineering and of the chemical club, and in the establishment of the chemical library, the first departmental library of the university. His activities extended outside the institution, and he had a part in organizing the state water survey, of which he was a director (1904 - 1905), and served as consulting chemist for the Illinois geological survey, and as consulting engineer for the United States bureau of mines. Among his scientific accomplishments was his calorimeter for determining the heat value of coal and other solids, invented in 1900 and used in the scientific laboratories of the world.
His peroxide bomb (1912) was also a valuable addition to analytical laboratories. Later, he perfected a third type of calorimeter, by which the heat value of gaseous fuels can be determined continuously and accurately. In carrying out the investigations which led to the perfection of these important inventions he was compelled to take up research in related lines. The tables of constants which he needed to use in calorimetry were inaccurate, so he compiled the data for making better tables. The metals available for use in the bomb calorimeter were easily corroded or expensive; accordingly, he set to work to find an alloy which would resist both acid and alkaline corrosion, and would at the same time possess desirable casting and machining properties. Nearly one hundred mixtures of metals were carefully studied before he found the mixture to which he gave the name "illium" after his native state. This alloy is better than platinum as a lining in the bomb calorimeter, and its use as a general corrosion-resisting metal is increasing daily. He studied boiler waters and their treatment and developed a valuable method for the modification of permanently hard water. His study of the embrittlement of boiler plate is a monument to his patience, perseverance, and skill. For thirty years he investigated the origin, physical and chemical properties, classification, and utilization of coal, and he became an international authority upon all coal and fuel problems. In spite of the general feeling that Illinois coal could not be used for the production of coke, he worked out a method of low temperature coking, which won the admiration of fuel experts at home and abroad.
Samuel Wilson Parr was president of the American Chemical Society in 1928 and was reelected for a second term, but was unable to serve. He was the author of a well-known book, The Chemical Examination of Water, Fuel, Flue Gases and Lubricants (1911), and his contributions to scientific magazines were numerous and covered a wide field. He wrote seventeen of the bulletins published by the University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station, and was American editor of Fuel in Science and Practice. He died in Urbana, Illinois on May 16, 1931.
Samuel Wilson Parr became known for his work in industrial and engineering chemistry. He formulated methods and standards for industrial contracts. He discovered the alloy "illium", an acid-resistant substitute for platinum that found use in boilers. Samuel Wilson Parr also invented the Parr perodide calorimeter for measuring the heat value of coal. His system of classifying coal is used in the International Critical Tables. He was the founder of the Standard Calorimeter Company (now Parr Instrument Company) in 1899.
(Excerpt from Chemical Study of Illinois Coals In the fi...)
(Excerpt from The Occluded Gases in Coal Concerning the w...)
(Excerpt from Purchase and Sale of Illinois Coal on Specif...)
Samuel Wilson Parr was a president of the American Chemical Society in 1928.
On December 27, 1887, Samuel Wilson Parr married Lucie A. Hall of Champaign, Illinois. They had two children.
