(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
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(Excerpt from The Tariff: Speech of Hon. Samuel J. Randall...)
Excerpt from The Tariff: Speech of Hon. Samuel J. Randall, of Pennsylvania, in the House of Representatives, Tuesday, May 6, 1884 The bill reported by the Committee on Ways and Means, and now under consideration, is a sharp 20 per cent. Horizontal cut of existing schedules of all duties on imported articles embraced therein. It is not based on any sound principle. We have had apologies for it but no defense. It is guessed it may reduce the surplus revenue likely to be collected in the future, but nobody pretends to speak with cer tainty. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from Exercises at the Celebration of the Founder'...)
Excerpt from Exercises at the Celebration of the Founder's Day, Thursday, October 13, 1881: With the Memorial Address A Scripture lesson was read and prayers were Said by the Rev. Frederic M. Bird, Chaplain of the Uni versity. President Lamberton then introduced to the large audience Mr. Randall, who was received with great applause and who delivered the Memorial Address. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Samuel Jackson Randall was born on October 10, 1828 in Philadelphia. His father, Josiah Randall, a leading lawyer of the city, was a personal friend and political adviser of President Buchanan. His mother, Ann Worrell, was a daughter of Joseph Worrell, one of Thomas Jefferson's local political lieutenants.
Randall had attended University Academy in Philadelphia.
Before entering public life, he gained initial business experience in a mercantile establishment, and later launched an iron and coal company of his own in Philadelphia.
His first public service was on the Common Council of the city, 1852-56, during which period he called himself an "American Whig. " In 1858 he was elected to the state Senate, where he served on the committee on retrenchment and reform, but acted also as a franchise broker for street railway companies, joining with them in berating the iniquities of all banks.
His military activity during the Civil War was confined to routine reconnoitering and patrol duty in his home state, during two short enlistments. In 1862 he was elected to Congress as a Democrat. His district, the old first, was the only Democratic one in Philadelphia and might have been gerrymandered out of existence by Republican legislatures if Randall had not reflected the protectionist desires of his state and city. He never lost contact with the residents of this waterfront district, made up of mechanics, factory and dock workers, and small tradesmen, who rewarded him by continually returning him to Congress until his death.
The summer of 1875 found Randall capturing the Democratic organization of his home state, in the first of a series of rough-and-tumble political battles with William A. Wallace. Thus fortified by local and national support, Randall expected to be elected speaker of the House in December 1875 (Black Manuscripts), but rumors of support by questionable railroad and other subsidy-seeking interests, and an uncertain record on "soft money" discredited him. When Michael C. Kerr, his successful rival for the speakership, appointed him chairman of the committee on appropriations, Randall made good his economy claims by reducing total appropriations $30, 000, 000, even in the face of the opposition of the Republican Senate. His election to the speakership in December 1876 was a foregone conclusion after the death of Kerr in August.
During the electoral count of 1876-77, Randall often conferred with Tilden, did much loud talking in caucus, and otherwise cooperated with the filibusterers in his own party, until the so-called "bargain" to withdraw the troops from the South was secured from Hayes. Thereupon he accepted the duties imposed on him by the electoral act and forced a completion of the count. As speaker of the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth congresses, he played the rôle of party wheelhorse in such partisan activities as the Potter investigation and Senator Thurman's attempts to repeal the test-oath and election laws.
He sidetracked all major tariff revisions and subsidy grants by his rulings and committee appointments. Randall's rulings added much to the power of the rules committee, and in 1880, under his guidance, the accumulation of nearly a century of tangled growth was condensed into forty-five compact rules. The subsequent problem of Speaker Thomas B. Reed, of felling the tall timber of obstruction would have been much more difficult if Randall had not cleared out the underbrush before him. With the temporary return of the Republicans to power in 1881, Randall was succeeded by J. Warren Keifer as speaker.
The debates over the tariff commission of 1882 and the Kelley tariff of 1883 presented him with the dilemma of choosing either the path which led to national leadership of his party or that which loyalty to his state demanded. His decision to support protection led to his defeat for the speakership by John G. Carlisle, in caucus, in 1883. However, this did not mean oblivion, for as chairman of the appropriations committee he now entered the period of his greatest power.
The aid of a faithful minority of his party and the powers given him by the rules of 1880 and the Holman amendment, enabled him practically to dictate both appropriations and general legislation. He held such complete sway during the Forty-eighth Congress that his committee was stripped of a portion of its power by the Forty-ninth. Even so, he was able to cut down extravagances in the various departments and continued to prevent tariff legislation, despite the desires of a majority of his party. At the National Democratic Convention of 1884 he successfully fought for a non-committal tariff plank, and afterward conducted a vigorous speaking campaign in the industrial states, where his word carried weight with the factory workers. During 1885-86, Randall worked in real harmony with President Cleveland, especially in the attempts to repeal the silver-coinage laws.
Randall was then at the height of his power in his home state, since he had been given control of most of the federal patronage, largely because of his friendship with Tilden and Manning, and also because of his aid in nominating and electing Cleveland.
But early in 1888 he suddenly lost control of the Democratic organization in Pennsylvania. Because of Randall's unwillingness to acquiesce in Cleveland's tariff message of December 1887, the President gave the power of patronage to W. L. Scott and W. M. Singerly (Cleveland Manuscripts).
Though Randall still kept his closest personal friends, his political friends at home and in Congress now left him, one by one.
Randall died in Washington on April 13, 1890, and was buried in Philadelphia.
(Excerpt from Exercises at the Celebration of the Founder'...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(Excerpt from The Tariff: Speech of Hon. Samuel J. Randall...)
During Reconstruction, Randall tried to protect the South by supporting the policies of President Johnson. Later, he gained national prominence through his brilliant filibusters against the Civil Rights and Force bills in January and February 1875. During the Grant era, by questioning thousands of items in Republican appropriation bills and by helping to institute the investigation of the Crédit Mobilier, the Sanborn contracts, and the Pacific mail subsidy, he supplied his party with the battle cry of "Retrenchment and Reform, " which was to lead it out of the wilderness of post-war wanderings. However, he unblushingly supported the "salary grab, " in the belief that congressmen were underpaid and on the excuse that all previous salary raises had been retroactive.
His physical energy, greatly reduced by cancer, was unequal to the task of holding his forces in line. None the less, he kept at his amazing schedule of long hours of work.
His high-pitched voice was still heard in attack on the Republicans. He was still considered the best informed man in Congress on the details of governmental business, but his attachment to his own manufacturing state had left him alone when his party made "tariff for revenue only" a fundamental tenet of its political faith.
On June 24, 1851, he had married Fannie Agnes Ward, daughter of Aaron Ward of Sing Sing, New York, a Democratic congressman of the Jackson era. She, with their two daughters and son, survived him.
