Career
1892 first work published. From 1893 actor, Kutaisi Theater. From 1907 stage director
1912 founded, 1912-1914 directed a touring company in Batumi. Toured with this group in Tiflis, Kutaisi, Baku and Novorossiysk. 1921 helped found Geo Actors' Union and Geo Writers’ Union.
Head, Theater Department, Geo People's Commissariat of Education. From 1950 chairman. Geo Theater Social. Deputy, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Supreme Soviet of 1937 and 1946 convocations.
Exponent of critical realism.