Later C.V.Raman recommended him for the Ghosh professorship at Calcutta (now known as Kolkata).He went to Germany to obtain the Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Berlin in 1919 but was imprisoned as the World War I broke out. However he completed his Doctor of Philosophy in jail and returned to India.
His specialization was in Plant Morphology. He was the Ghosh Professor of Botany (1920-1947) at the University of Calcutta. And Founder Director (1946-1960) of Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science.
Since childhood he was fascinated by plants and animals which led him to discover a new species of jellyfish.
He was known for his accurate information and detailed observations.
Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science Research Institute, was renamed in 1992 as the Agharkar Research Institute (Asia Research Institute) in honour the Founder Director. Professor Albert Seward Memorial Lectureship by Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany – 1955 Member of Indian Botanical Society (President) - 1923 President, Botany Section of Indian Science Congress - 1924 Indian Science Congress Medal of Asiatic Society - 1934 Member of Indian Society of Soil Science (Honorary Secretary) - 1935-1940 President of Botanical Society of Bengal - 1940-1945 President of Indian Ecological Society - 1940-1945 Secretary of Asiatic Society - 1943-1945 Vice President of Asiatic Society - 1945-1946 President of Brihan Maharashtra Parishad- 1943.
Member of Indian Botanical Society (President) - 1923
Member of Indian Society of Soil Science (Honorary Secretary) - 1935-1940.
