Career
Fought in World War 1. From 1918 in Red Army. Spring 1918 commanded Punin Mounted Partisan Unit in fighting near Petrograd.
Sustained serious chest wounds in clash with German troops. Then commanded mounted partisan regiment August 1918 ruthlessly crushed anti-Soviet peasant revolt in Luga area, burning several village.
November 1918 defected with regt to Pskov, held by Germans and White forces. Then served with General Yudenich’s White Army, commanding Pskov Province unit 1920 linked up with Pilsudski and conducted largescale partisan operations against Red Army in Belorussian.
August 1920 attacked Pinsk and cut Soviet communications during Tukhachevskiy’s retreat from Warsaw. After Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic-Polish armistice linked up with anti-Soviet units of Peremykin and Yakovlev and invaded Soviet Belorussian at head of 26,000-man army. November 1920 defeated in battle and led remnants of his force back to Poland, where they were interned.
1921 formed sabotage squads which operated in Belorussian, terrorising Soviet authorities. In 1920's lived in Poland.