Career
1903 exchanged school bench for revol circle organized by Bolsheviks in Kremcnchug at Gebgol’d Plant and Durunchi Factory. 1904 arrested but escaped, went underground and worked in joiner's shop. Again arrested for membership in Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) and deported to Tobol’sk Province.
Again escaped; during Civil War in Red Army as head, div political department, 3rd Army. Later head, Polit Department, 5th Army. From 1920 operational work for All-Union Extraordinary Commission Against Counterrevolution, Sabotage and Speculation, then for Slate Polit Administration and Joint State Political Administration.
From 1930 Joint State Political Administration plenipotentiary. From 1934 People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs chief in Far Eastern Kray. Elected member, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Central Executive Committee of 7th convocation.
From 1934 candidate member, Central Committee, Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Arrested by Slate Security organs.