Background
Thomas Ewbank was born of humble parents in Durham, England.
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Life in Brazil; Or, a Journal of a Visit to the Land of the Cocoa and the Palm
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Inorganic forces ordained to supersede human slavery
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The World a Workshop: Or, the Physical Relationship of Man to the Earth
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A Descriptive and Historical Account of Hydraulic and Other Machines for Raising Water
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THOMAS EWBANK
Edit ProfileEducation
He attended school until he was thirteen years old, and then was apprenticed to the trade of sheet-metal working.
Career
He served an indenture of seven years as a tin- and coppersmith, shaped- iron and wire worker, plumber, brass founder, and shot caster. In 1812 he went to London and for seven years more was employed as a tinsmith. With the money he could save he bought books and utilized his leisure in study and reading. He was gradually led to the belief that monarchical institutions limit one’s capabilities, and as a result of his conviction emigrated to the United States in 1819 and settled in New York. Shortly after his arrival he began the manufacture of copper, lead, and tin tubing, and for sixteen years continued in this business with marked success. He secured also his first patents, two in 1823 and one in 1832, for improved methods of tinning lead, both sheet and pipe, and two in 1830 and one in 1831 for improved steam safety valves. By 1836, since his business had yielded him a modest competency, he sold it to devote his whole time to study, travel, and writing. This was the result of an exhaustive study of devices used for raising water, was profusely illustrated, and was one of the standard works on the subject. The sixteenth edition was published in 1870. From 1845 to 1848 he traveled in South America, studying both the natural phenomena and the industrial arts. Shortly after his return he was appointed commissioner of patents by President Taylor, which office he assumed May 4, 1849, and directed until 1852. His long study and interest in invention, particularly its historical aspects, is reflected in his annual reports which contain enthusiastic and delightful essays upon his favorite theme, and were prepared primarily to arouse popular interest in the industrial application of physical and chemical sciences. Ewbank did not entirely escape Congressional criticism while commissioner. He was accused of discriminating against some would-be patentees, a charge which was never proved, and for publishing his essays in the Patent Office reports. Senator Foote of Mississippi was especially opposed to the essays, which he described as being "more poetically grand, more brilliant, more fanciful, more Byronic than any of the most fanciful poems that Lord Byron ever produced. ” On the other hand, during his administration Ewbank succeeded in doubling the examining force and laid the foundation for the present rules of practise which greatly expedite the handling of claims. Upon his return to private life he again took up his writing in New York. The World a Workshop; or, the Physical Relation of Man to the Earth appeared in 1855 ; Life in Brasil, one of his most entertaining books, in 1856; Thoughts on Matter and Force in 1858; and Reminiscences of the Patent Office in 1859. Interspersed with these were many pamphlets on as many different subjects, such as “Inorganic Forces Ordained to Supersede Human Slavery, ” an essay read in 1860 before the American Ethnological Society of which he was one of the founders; and North American Rock-Writing, published in 1866. As a member of the commission to examine into the strength of the marble offered for the extension of the Capitol at Washington, Ewbank rendered valuable services by the determination of a method to increase the pressure resistance of building stones.
Achievements
Works
book
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Inorganic forces ordained to supersede human slavery
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
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Life in Brazil; Or, a Journal of a Visit to the Land of the Cocoa and the Palm
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
-
The World a Workshop: Or, the Physical Relationship of Man to the Earth
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
-
A Descriptive and Historical Account of Hydraulic and Other Machines for Raising Water
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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Inorganic forces ordained to supersede human slavery
Membership
American Ethnological Society
As a member of the commission to examine into the strength of the marble offered for the extension of the Capitol at Washington, Ewbank rendered valuable services by the determination of a method to increase the pressure resistance of building stones.
Interests
Connections
He died, unmarried, in New York.
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Born
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Died
September 16, 1870 (aged 78) -
Nationality
American