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Thomas Ruggles was born on January 19, 1823 in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, the son of William Henry Ruggles Pynchon, a banker, and his wife, Mary Murdock. Because of the death of his father during his boyhood, Thomas went to Boston to live with his mother's sister.
Thomas Ruggles Pynchon attended the Boston Latin School and planned to enter Harvard, but was persuaded to go to Washington College (now Trinity), Hartford, by Professor John Smyth Rogers, a friend of the family, who promised to take him under his care. He entered a preliminary class at Hartford when he was thirteen, matriculated in the college in 1837, and was graduated as salutatorian of his class in 1841. He also studied in Paris and at Cambridge.
From 1843 to 1847 Pynchon was a tutor in Washington College. Meanwhile, probably under the influence of his friend John Williams, subsequently Bishop of Connecticut, he had decided to enter the ministry of the Episcopal Church. On June 14, 1848 he was made a deacon by Bishop Thomas Church Brownell in Trinity Church, New Haven. He took charge of St. Paul's Church, Stockbridge, and Trinity Church, Lenox, in Massachusetts, and was ordained priest in Trinity Church, Boston, June 25, 1849, by Bishop Manton Eastburn. Six years later he was elected Scovill Professor of Chemistry and Natural Science at his alma mater.
He resigned his church at Stockbridge and went abroad for a year to prepare for his new duties. He took a geological trip through southern France and Italy. From 1855 to 1877 he taught science as it was understood in his day, giving instruction in chemistry, geology, and zoology.
He published The Chemical Forces - Heat, Light, Electricity (1870), the second edition of which, issued in 1873, bore the title, Introduction to Chemical Physics. From 1857 to 1882 he was college librarian, and from 1860 to 1864 and during the year 1866-67 he served as chaplain, also.
In 1874, he was elected president of the college, serving till 1883. The site and buildings had been sold to the state for the new Capitol, and a new site for the college had been purchased. The heavy burden of superintending the erection of new buildings and of planning for the removal devolved upon President Pynchon. In the result, he new buildings were opened in the fall of 1878.
With the assumption of executive duties, however, he did not relinquish his teaching; he was professor of moral philosophy from 1877 until his retirement in 1902. In 1889 he published a volume entitled Bishop Butler, a Religious Philosopher for All Time. He was a member of the standing committee of the Diocese of Connecticut from 1871 to 1882, served from 1872 to his death as an examining chaplain, and from 1875 to his death as a trustee of the Episcopal Academy at Cheshire. He was also a trustee of the General Theological Seminary in New York.
He died in New Haven, in his eighty-second year.
Thomas Ruggles Pynchon was the president of Trinity College, his presidency was a critical period in its history. He purchased a new site for the college, controlled erection of new buildings and planning. He carried through the task with good judgment, and the college entered upon its work in the new buildings in the fall of 1878. He also was the author of famous work Bishop Butler, a Religious Philosopher for All Time. Trinity College has a portrait in oil, and a bust of him in bronze by Louis Potter.
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Pynchon was a dignified gentleman, precise in his habits of thought and of expression, who seemed to belong to an earlier generation.
Pynchon did not marry.
