Tseng Ching-ping

1913

Fukien, China

Together with such well-known leaders as Su Yii and Yeh Fei, Tseng was among those who did not make the Long March, but rather stayed behind to conduct guerrilla operations. In Tseng's case, he was engaged in the 1930's and 1940's in Fukien, and he is known to have been active there leading guerrilla operations as late as 1946. From some time in 1939 he was secretary of the Fukien Party Committee, a position that may have earned him his alternate membership on the national Party Central Committee by the time of the Seventh Party Congress of 1945. He was still holding the Fukien party post in 1948, but in 1949, when the Communists took over the whole of the China mainland, they put Chang Ting-ch’eng, a Party veteran of higher standing, in the Fukien secretary’s position. In 1947 Tseng was identified as commander of the units of the PLA assigned to the Fukien- Chekiang-Kiangsi Border Region, and in May 1949 he was operating in eastern Kiangsi. There his forces were absorbed into the southward moving regular PLA troops (Ch'en Fs Third Field Army), which occupied Fukien. Once Fukien had been occupied by the Communists, it was placed under the jurisdiction of the regional East China Military and Administrative Committee (ECMAC), called the East China Administrative Committee (ECAC) from 1953 to 1954. This was the quasi-military government set up by the occupying army and the civilian personnel it brought with it to effect China’s move toward socialism. Tseng was a member of the ECMAC (later ECAC) Land Reform Committee from 1950 to 1954. This position was not particularly important and probably was given to him because of his long service as a resistance leader in Fukien. He must have been somewhat more important as a provincial Party leader in these first years of the Communist occupation, to judge by the positions he held in Fukien. In 1950 he was identified as a secretary- general of the Fukien Party Committee. In March 1951 he was named chief justice of the People’s Court of the Fukien Provincial People’s Government. It is not clear how long he held this post, but it was probably no later than the mid-1950’s. In 1951 he became a member of the Land Reform Committee of the Fukien Provincial People's Government Council, and in December he was elected to membership on the Fukien Provincial People's Government Council, a position he would hold to at least 1955. In 1953, probably about December, he became a deputy secretary of the Fukien Party Committee (it is not clear whether at this time he continued to be also the committee's secretary-general). He was identified as deputy secretary of the Fukien Committee several times in the next year. On one such occasion he made a self-criticism of his own work over the preceding few years at a Fukien Party Committee meeting in Foochow in April-May 1954. However, not long after, at the first Fukien Provincial People’s Congress (August 1954), Tseng played a prominent role. He served as chairman of the congress presidium (steering committee), gave the major report on the work of the provincial government and its future tasks, and also made the summation at the close of the meetings. Yet the self-criticism in the spring of 1954, seen in retrospect, appears to have been a warning that he was running into serious political trouble. In January 1955 he was elected as chairman of the Fukien CPPCC Committee and in the following month he was reelected a member of the Fukien Provincial People’s Government. These were the last occasions that he was reported in the Chinese press. By April 1956 Chiang I-chen had replaced Tseng in the Fukien CPPCC position, and when he failed to be re-elected to the Party Central Committee at the Eighth Party Congress in September 1956, it was clear that he was no longer a political figure of any importance.

Tseng Ching-ping

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politician alternate member

Background

He was a native Fukien where his activity was first reported in 1931 when he joined the CCP.

Education

He was educated locally.

Career

Together with such well-known leaders as Su Yii and Yeh Fei, Tseng was among those who did not make the Long March, but rather stayed behind to conduct guerrilla operations. In Tseng's case, he was engaged in the 1930's and 1940's in Fukien, and he is known to have been active there leading guerrilla operations as late as 1946. From some time in 1939 he was secretary of the Fukien Party Committee, a position that may have earned him his alternate membership on the national Party Central Committee by the time of the Seventh Party Congress of 1945. He was still holding the Fukien party post in 1948, but in 1949, when the Communists took over the whole of the China mainland, they put Chang Ting-ch’eng, a Party veteran of higher standing, in the Fukien secretary’s position.

In 1947 Tseng was identified as commander of the units of the PLA assigned to the Fukien- Chekiang-Kiangsi Border Region, and in May 1949 he was operating in eastern Kiangsi. There his forces were absorbed into the southward moving regular PLA troops (Ch'en Fs Third Field Army), which occupied Fukien.

Once Fukien had been occupied by the Communists, it was placed under the jurisdiction of the regional East China Military and Administrative Committee (ECMAC), called the East China Administrative Committee (ECAC) from 1953 to 1954. This was the quasi-military government set up by the occupying army and the civilian personnel it brought with it to effect China’s move toward socialism. Tseng was a member of the ECMAC (later ECAC) Land Reform Committee from 1950 to 1954. This position was not particularly important and probably was given to him because of his long service as a resistance leader in Fukien. He must have been somewhat more important as a provincial Party leader in these first years of the Communist occupation, to judge by the positions he held in Fukien. In 1950 he was identified as a secretary- general of the Fukien Party Committee. In March 1951 he was named chief justice of the People’s Court of the Fukien Provincial People’s Government. It is not clear how long he held this post, but it was probably no later than the mid-1950’s. In 1951 he became a member of the Land Reform Committee of the Fukien Provincial People's Government Council, and in December he was elected to membership on the Fukien Provincial People's Government Council, a position he would hold to at least 1955.

In 1953, probably about December, he became a deputy secretary of the Fukien Party Committee (it is not clear whether at this time he continued to be also the committee's secretary-general). He was identified as deputy secretary of the Fukien Committee several times in the next year. On one such occasion he made a self-criticism of his own work over the preceding few years at a Fukien Party Committee meeting in Foochow in April-May 1954. However, not long after, at the first Fukien Provincial People’s Congress (August 1954), Tseng played a prominent role. He served as chairman of the congress presidium (steering committee), gave the major report on the work of the provincial government and its future tasks, and also made the summation at the close of the meetings. Yet the self-criticism in the spring of 1954, seen in retrospect, appears to have been a warning that he was running into serious political trouble.

In January 1955 he was elected as chairman of the Fukien CPPCC Committee and in the following month he was reelected a member of the Fukien Provincial People’s Government. These were the last occasions that he was reported in the Chinese press. By April 1956 Chiang I-chen had replaced Tseng in the Fukien CPPCC position, and when he failed to be re-elected to the Party Central Committee at the Eighth Party Congress in September 1956, it was clear that he was no longer a political figure of any importance.

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Tseng Ching-ping

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1939

1947

1950 - 1954

1950

1951

1953

1955