Ulrich III, Duke of Carinthia, also known as Ulrich III of Spanheim was ruling Lord in the March of Carniola from c. 1249 and Duke of Carinthia from 1256 until his death, the last ruler from the House of Sponheim.
Background
Ulrich III was the eldest son of Duke Bernhard of Carinthia and his wife Judith, a daughter of the Přemyslid king Ottokar I of Bohemia. Already his father had endeavoured to assume the rule over the Carniolan march, which Ulrich could secure for himself by marrying Agnes of Andechs, the widow of the last Babenberg duke Frederick II of Austria. From 1251, he was co-ruler of Carinthia with his father.
In 1256 he succeeded his father as duke.
Education
In 1260, he completed the foundation of the charterhouse in Bistra (Freudenthal) in Inner Carniola.
Career
Ulrich continued the development of his home territories as his father has begun. He also founded the Canons Regular monastery in Völkermarkt. Philip refused to take holy orders in order to reserve the right of succession in Carinthia for himself.
Ulrich and Philip finally reached an agreement of mutual protection and inheritance and, after Philip was deposed as bishop in 1257 by the cathedral chapter, fought together against Philip"s successor, Archbishop Ulrich of Seckau.
After the election of Archbishop Ladislaus of Salzburg, it became clear that Philip would have to abandon all hopes to return to Salzburg. When Duke Ulrich III died in Cividale del Friuli on 27 October 1269, both Philip and Ottokar II claimed his inheritance.
In the same year, Philip was elected Patriarch of Aquileia, however, his election was never confirmed by the Pope and in 1270/71 he was expelled to Austria by Ottokar"s forces. This was the end of the rule of the Sponheim dynasty in Carinthia.