Vladimir Broude

Background

His father was a Professor of biochemistry and his mother was a medical doctor.

Education

In 1947 Broude graduated from the Moscow Institute of Chemical Engineering and was directed to Kiev, Ukraine, to the Institute of Physics of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, for developing and installing equipment for low-temperature optical spectroscopy. Here he developed interest in the low-temperature spectroscopy, studied quantum mechanics and group theory, and very soon became an active and inventive experimental physicist.

Career

In his first break-through papers Broude discovered in the low-temperature spectra of crystalline benzine a triplet of absorption bands strongly polarized along the crystallographic axes. Methodically, this success was only possible thanks to a breakthrough in experimental techniques, the invention of a microprocessor that allowed taking spectra of minor crystallites in polarized light. This experimental result also was of crutial scientific importance because it provided a firm scientific ground for identification strongly polarized absorption bands in the spectra of molecular crystals with exciton multipletes.

Foreign these reasons, Broude" papers of the spectra of benzine nearly immediately became the classics.

This started with the spectra of dilute solutions in which the giant oscillator strength of impurity excitons was identified and the position of lower energy band of crystalline naphthalene was established. Afterwards the technique was generalized to exciton spectra of mixed crystals in a wide range of concentrations.

This resulted in the discovery of the multimode regime in the impurity-exciton bands of disordered systems Isototic technique initiated by Broude found application in investigations of energy transport in biological systems

In 1966 Broude moved to Chernogolovka (Moscow district) to a newly established Institute of Solid State Physics (Russia) where he founded a Laboratory of optics and spectroscopy.

Broude was a co-recipient of the 1966 Lenin prize for discovery of excitons.

Achievements

• The next great achievement of Broude was developing a technique for getting the information on energy spectra of excitons in perfect crystals from optical spectra of isotopic solutions.