William Guybon Atherstone medical practitioner, naturalist and geologist, one of the pioneers of South African geology and a member of the Cape Parliament.
Background
His father, Doctor John Atherstone, was appointed District Surgeon of Uitenhage in 1822. William, a young man of wide interests and outstanding ability, received his first training at Doctor James Rose Innes"s academy in Uitenhage, being at first apprenticed to his father and then serving as Assistant-Surgeon in the Sixth Frontier War 1834-1835. In 1836 he studied medicine in Dublin and was admitted as Member Royal College of Surgeons the following year, obtaining an Doctor of Medicine in Heidelberg, Germany in 1839, returning to Grahamstown in the same year and joining his father in practice.
Career
He carried out research in lung-sickness, horse-sickness and tick-borne fever and was in 1847 the first surgeon outside Europe and America to perform an amputation using an anaesthetic. This operation, on 16 June 1847, was performed on the Albany Deputy Sheriff, Mr F Carlisle, and was completely successful. On recovering from the anaesthetic, the patient said "What? My leg is off? Impossible - I can"t believe it!..It"s the greatest discovery ever made".
In 1839 his interest was aroused in geology, and from that date he devoted the leisure resulting from a long and successful medical career to the pursuit of geological science.
In 1857 he published an account of the rocks and fossils of Uitenhage. He also studied many fossil reptilia from the Karroo beds, and sent specimens to the British Museum.
These were described by Sir Richard Owen. Atherstone"s identification, in 1867, with the help of Peter MacOwan and HG Galpin, of a crystal found at De Kalk near Hopetown, as the Eureka Diamond - the first found in Africa - led indirectly to the establishment of the diamond industry of South Africa.
He encouraged the workings at Jagersfontein, and he also called attention to the diamandiferous pipe at Kimberley.
He was partly responsible for the foundation of the Grahamstown library, botanical garden and, in 1855, the Albany Museum. He traveled widely in the eastern Cape, Namaqualand and the Transvaal, collecting minerals, fossils, plant specimens and seeds, sending material to Hooker at Kew. He was made Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. in 1863 and F.G.S in 1864.
He is commemorated in the genus Atherstonea Pappe and in the names of various fossil reptiles.
He was one of the founders of the Geological Society of South Africa at Johannesburg in 1895. He died at Grahamstown, on 26 March 1898.
Father: John Atherstone *25 January 1793 Nottingham, England. He died in 1853 at Table Farm, Grahamstown
mother: Elizabeth Damant *c1785. siblings:
John Craddock Atherstone.
William Guybon Atherstone
Catherine Damant Atherstone
Elizabeth Atherstone was born in 1817.
Emily Atherstone
John Frederick Korsten Atherstone
Bliss Ann Atherstone
Caroline Atherstone.
Membership
He represented Grahamstown as Member of Parliament from 1881-1883 whence he was elected to the Legislative Council where he served until 1891.