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(The comer stone of the Capitol building of South Dakota w...)
The comer stone of the Capitol building of South Dakota was laid at Pierre, on Thursday, June 25th, 1908, at 3:30, p. m., at the time appointed by and under the auspices of the State Capitol Commission, Governor Coe I. Crawford, chairman. The Comer Stone is a four feet cube of Ortonville granite, beautifully polished, moulded and engraved with the Coat of Arms of the State. It is placed at the Southwest corner of the structure. It was laid with elaborate and impressive ceremonial by the Grand Lodge of Masons of the State under Grand Master Joseph J. Davenport. The Chairman of the Commission then introduced Hon. W. H. H. Beadle, of Madison, S. D., as one honorably connected with the early history of the Territory and State, whose work is written in the institutions and Constitution of the State, who then delivered the following oration.
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William Henry Harrison Beadle was an American soldier, lawyer, educator and administrator.
Background
William Beadle was born on January 1, 1838, in a log cabin, built by his father, close to the Wabash River in Parke County, Indiana. His parents, James Ward Beadle and Elizabeth Bright, had moved after their marriage from Kentucky to the frontier in western Indiana.
Education
William's early life was typical of the frontier. He learned to use the axe, plow, and rifle, got his education in a log schoolhouse and later in the graded school at the county seat, and enjoyed reading books in the township public library and others which his father brought back from his river trips to New Orleans. His father offered him a farm, but he chose to take instead a thousand dollars for a college education. Entering the University of Michigan in the fall of 1857, he specialized in civil engineering. After his graduation in June 1861 he entered the Union army as first lieutenant of Company A, 316t Indiana Volunteer Infantry. He was repeatedly promoted, and was given the rank of brevet brigadier-general when he was discharged, March 26, 1866. Beadle attended the University of Michigan Law School for a year after his discharge and received his LL. B. in March 1867.
Career
After practising law in Evansville, Indiana, and Boscobel, Wisconsin, William was appointed, March 1869, surveyor general of Dakota territory. As he rode up the broad Missouri Valley to Yankton, the territorial capital, he talked with his predecessor about the natural resources of the state that was to be. "On that journey the school lands were mentioned and I then opened to my companion the theory that these were the great trust of the future commonwealth and should be absolutely secured from waste and cheap sales. " All of Beadle's public services in Dakota territory assisted in the accomplishment of this purpose. In the next four years he became acquainted with the country and early settlers.
As secretary of the commission which drew up the code of 1877, he gained valuable experience in clear exposition of complicated ideas. The responsibility for passing the code through the legislature fell largely on Beadle through his chairmanship of the judiciary committee in the House. He accepted the superintendency of public instruction in 1879 with the condition that he "should stand strongly for the principle that no school lands should ever be sold for less than their appraised value, and never for less than ten dollars an acre, " when statehood was attained. For the next six years Beadle was busily engaged in organizing new schools necessitated by the rapid expansion of settlement, in introducing the township unit of administration, and in holding teachers' institutes. On every occasion, in conversation or on the platform he talked about the protection of the school lands.
Many opposed the ten-dollar minimum, as only one state, Colorado, in 1875, had placed a limit as high as $2. 50 per acre, and land could be bought in Iowa in the early 1880's for $2. 50 to $4. 00 an acre. But Rev. Joseph Ward, missionary pastor in Yankton since 1868 and founder of Yankton College, gave his whole-hearted support to the movement from the beginning and proved a valuable advocate in the constitutional convention of 1885, where the real test came.
To win in the convention it was necessary to get the unanimous indorsement of the committee on school lands. Beadle was not a member of the convention, but was commandeered by the committee to sit with them and give advice. Taking the initiative, he drafted an article embodying his main ideas. "It was that formal and complete document, not oral discussions and misunderstandings, that won the case. " Beadle's careful explanation and Ward's persuasion converted a hostile majority, and the report of the committee was accepted by the convention shortly before adjournment. Thus the matter was settled, as this constitution in 1889 became the state constitution. So strongly was Congress impressed by this movement for the ten-dollar minimum that it required a similar provision for the admission of North Dakota, Montana, and Washington in 1889 and of Idaho and Wyoming in 1890. Beadle continued his educational service by his able and inspiring presidency of the Madison State Normal School from 1889 to 1905 and as professor of history until his retirement in 1912. He died in San Francisco, while on a visit to his daughter.
Achievements
William Beadle served as surveyor-general of the Dakota Territory. In this position he helped to write up the Code of 1877, and was known for his management plan for "school lands, " whose sale not less than 10 dollars helped to fund public education.
William Beadle served as president of the Madison State Normal School (1889-1906).
A statue of Beadle, paid for by the contributions of the schoolchildren of the state, stands today in the capitol building at Pierre with the inscription, "Wm. H. H. Beadle, educator. He saved the school lands. "