Background
William Hammond was born on August 28, 1828, in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. He was the son of Dr. John W. and Sarah (Pinkney) Hammond, members of two old Maryland families of Anne Arundel County.
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This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(Excerpt from A Treatise on Hygiene: With Special Referenc...)
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This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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educator military neurologist physician
William Hammond was born on August 28, 1828, in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. He was the son of Dr. John W. and Sarah (Pinkney) Hammond, members of two old Maryland families of Anne Arundel County.
William received his academic education at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and his medical degree from the University of the City of New York in 1848.
After a year spent in the Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia, William Hammond settled in Saco, Maine, for the practice of his profession. He was there but a few months when he took the examination for the army medical service and was appointed an assistant surgeon in 1849. For the following ten years he served at various frontier stations in New Mexico, Kansas, and Florida, with a tour of duty at the Military Academy at West Point. Between campaigns against hostile Indians, he occupied his time upon physiological and botanical investigations.
In the fall of 1859 Hammond resigned from the army to accept the professorship of anatomy and physiology in the University of Maryland at Baltimore. Here he taught and practised his profession until the outbreak of the Civil War. As surgeon to the Baltimore infirmary he attended the wounded men of the 6th Massachusetts Infantry, who while on their way to the defense of Washington were fired upon by a Baltimore mob. He resigned his professorship and reentered the army as an assistant surgeon, at the foot of a list upon which he had formerly held high place. His first Civil War service was as medical purveyor at Frederick, Maryland. Later he organized the Camden Street Hospital in Baltimore and was then transferred to the command of General Rosecrans in West Virginia, where he was made inspector of camps and hospitals. His work in this field attracted the attention of the Sanitary Commission, which, dissatisfied with the administration of the medical service of the army, successfully urged his appointment as surgeon-general. He assumed this office in the spring of 1862 with the grade of brigadier-general.
Hammond’s administration was one of marked efficiency. It was inevitable, however, that the masterful personality of Hammond should clash with the autocratic spirit of Edwin M. Stanton, secretary of war. Their official and personal relations early became strained, and after a period of friction Hammond was relieved from office; later charges were preferred against him alleging irregularities in the award of contracts for hospital supplies. He was brought before a court martial in 1864 and was dismissed from the army. In 1878 a bill was approved by Congress authorizing the President to review the proceedings of the court martial and to reinstate Hammond to the army rolls, if justice so indicated. As a result of this review he was restored to service and his name placed upon the retired list with the grade of brigadier-general.
Upon leaving the army in 1864 Hammond found himself in straitened circumstances from the expense of his trial. With help of friends he was able to establish himself in practice in New York and within a short time he became a leader in the practice and teaching of neurology, a specialty then in its infancy. Soon after his arrival in New York he was appointed lecturer on nervous and mental diseases in the College of Physicians and Surgeons. He resigned this position in 1867 to accept the professorship of the same subjects which was created for him in the faculty of Bellevue Hospital Medical College. In 1874 he transferred to a like professorship in the medical department of the University of the City of New York. At other times he was on the faculty of the University of Vermont at Burlington, and of the Post-Graduate Medical School of New York, of which he was one of the founders. In 1888, having acquired a comfortable fortune and being restored to the army retired list, he moved to Washington, where he practised until the time of his death from cardiac disease.
Throughout his career Hammond was a facile writer. While carrying the responsibilities of surgeon-general he found time to write a Treatise on Hygiene with Special Reference to the Military Service (1863). The more noteworthy of his other medical works were: On Wakefulness: With an Introductory Chapter on the Physiology of Sleep (1866), Insanity in its Medico-Legal Relations (1866), Sleep and Its Derangements (1869), Physics and Physiology of Spiritualism (1871), and Insanity in its Medical Relations (1883).
He was also a play-writer and novelist. His fiction includes Robert Severne (1867), Dr. Grattan (1884), Mr. Oldmixon (1885), A Strong-Minded Woman (1885), and The Son of Perdition (1898), the latter considered by some to be the best novel of the Christ ever written. Hammond was editor for a time of the Maryland and Virginia Medical Journal, published in Richmond and Baltimore. In 1867 he established the Quarterly Journal of Psychological Medicine and Medical Jurisprudence, of which he was editor until 1875.
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(Excerpt from A Treatise on Hygiene: With Special Referenc...)
(This volume is produced from digital images from the Corn...)
(This volume is produced from digital images from the Corn...)
(Originally published in 1878. This volume from the Cornel...)
He was a big man and had a big mind. There was a shadow on his career and painful tales were told about his methods. The story went about that he once filled his hypodermic syringe with cream, plunged the needle into a patient’s liver, showed him the withdrawn pus, and cured him of an abscess. The story was not true, but its recital was popular and gave comfort to the malevolent.
Hammond was a founding member of the American Neurological Association.
Quotes from others about the person
“Dr. William A. Hammond was the dominant personality of the time. " - C. L. Dana, neurologist
Hammond was married twice: in July 1849 to Helen Nisbet, daughter of Michael Nisbet of Philadelphia; and in 1886 to Esther D. Chapin.