William Miles Maskell was a New Zealand farmer, politician and entomologist.
Education
Born in Mapperton, Dorset, England to Mary Scott and William Maskell, an Anglican clergyman, he attended school at Street Mary"s College in Oscott, Birmingham, and later in Paris, before being commissioned an ensign in the 11th Regiment of Foot with which he served for just under two years.
Career
He first came to New Zealand, in Lyttelton, in 1860 and eventually became involved in the political campaigns of Frederick Weld and Charles Clifford. He returned to England sometime between 1861 and 1863, but returned by September 1865, purchasing a 2,000-acre (81 km2) property in Broadleaze near Leithfield, Canterbury a short while after. He became registrar of the newly formed University of New Zealand in 1876 and held this position until his death.
In 1866, Maskell was elected to represent Sefton on the Canterbury Provincial Council, a position which he held until the provinces were abolished in 1876.
He also served as provincial secretary and treasurer during the last year on the Council. Maskell contested the Ashley electorate twice for a seat in the New Zealand parliament.
On both occasions, first in the 1871 general election, and then in the 1876 general election, he was unsuccessful against John Evans Brown. After this, he took no further active part in politics.
Around 1873, Maskell became interested in entomology and wrote a book, An Account of the Insects Noxious to Agriculture and Plants in New Zealand, which mostly concerned pests in the Coccoidea family.
Later, as his work became more well known, he was sent insect samples from a variety of locations, including Asia, Fiji, Hawaii and the Americas, which resulted in him proposing over 330 species names. Maskell particularly liked studying the internal anatomy of insects, probably due to his fascination with physiology and microscopy, and his work was also unique in that he studied immature stages of males and females as well as the mature females. After experimenting with kerosene application, Maskell became an advocate of biological control of pests, which involves finding their natural predators, and helped Albert Koebele of the United States Department of Agriculture to find a lady beetle predator of Australian Cottony Cushion Scale, which, at the time, had become a devastating pest of Californian citrus farms.
Maskell also studied arthropods, protozoa and microscopic algae, publishing more than 70 research papers on these topics.
Maskell died in Wellington on 1 May 1898 at his home from complications that arose after a serious operation.