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Address delivered before the Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania, Thursday, November 1st, A.D. 1838, Part 1838
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The Life of Esther De Berdt: Afterwards Esther Reed, of Pennsylvania
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A Rejoinder to Mr. Bancroft's Historical Essay on President Reed
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Address Before the Alumni of the University of Pennsylvania
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Haud Immemor, a Few Personal Recollections of Mr. Thackeray in Philadelphia By W.B. Reed
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Reprint of the Original Letters to Joseph Reed, During the American Revolution Referred to in the Pamphlets of Lord Mahon and Mr. Sparks
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(Excerpt from A Few Thoughts on Intervention
These are qu...)
Excerpt from A Few Thoughts on Intervention
These are questions of some import, which, before this publica tion sees the light, will have occurred to thousands of reflecting minds, and which, we hepe, may be satisfactorily answered in one of the earliest of the many speeches M. Kossuth, in his pilgrimage, is destined to make. If not answered, the inference is fair that he thinks it part of his function, in a certain state of things, to appeal from the Government to the People. Then we know where to find him. Our history has, however, at least one example to guide and control even public sentiment; and M. Kossuth ought soon to have his attention directed to it.
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William Bradford Reed was an American attorney, diplomat, academic and journalist.
Background
William Bradford Reed was born on June 30, 1806 in Philadelphia, son of Joseph and Maria Ellis (Watmaugh) Reed, grandson of Joseph Reed, and a descendant of Joseph Reed who emigrated from Ireland in 1671 and settled in Lynn, Massachussets.
Education
William graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1822 and then studied law with his uncle, John Sergeant.
Career
Admitted to the bar in November 1826, he immediately set out as his uncle's private secretary upon the abortive mission to the Panama Congress. While waiting in vain for the congress to reconvene, uncle and nephew stayed six months with Joel R. Poinsett, American minister to Mexico, at Mexico city. Returning to Philadelphia, Reed began the active practice of law and also contributed an article upon Mexico to the American Quarterly Review (December 1827).
He supported the anti-Masonic movement and later became a Whig, serving in the Pennsylvania Assembly in 1834 and 1835. Governor Ritner appointed him attorney-general of the state in 1838 and his service of one year was followed by a term in the state Senate (1841 - 42). In 1850 he was elected district attorney for Philadelphia, which office he held for two terms (1850 - 56), making a reputation for himself in criminal prosecution.
During these years his interest was by no means confined to politics. He gratified his scholarly tastes by writing upon historical subjects, and in 1850 he was appointed part-time professor of American history at the University of Pennsylvania, where his brother, Henry Hope Reed, was professor of English; here he served six years.
With the growth of the Know-Nothing party and the increasingly chaotic condition of the Whig, Reed became discontented with his political affiliation and in 1856 joined the Democratic party, writing to Buchanan (Feburary 7) that it was now the "conservative party of the nation. "
He earnestly supported Buchanan in the campaign of 1856 and was useful in urging old line Whigs to cast their votes for the Democratic candidate. After Buchanan's election, Reed was rewarded for his services by being appointed to the Chinese Mission. The treaties which the United States and European powers had made with China in the forties had proved unsatisfactory, and England and France had lately joined in requesting the United States to participate in an attempt to force further commercial concessions from the Celestial Empire.
Buchanan refused to unite with them, but agreed to send a minister plenipotentiary to seek a new treaty and in doing so to communicate freely with the British and French ministers, meanwhile assuring the Chinese that the United States were not at war with them.
Reed arrived in China in November 1857. Following in the wake of the more aggressive allies, he finally concluded, June 18, 1858, the treaty of Tientsin, which permitted the United States advantages similar to those secured for the other powers. By this treaty and two supplementary agreements signed at Shanghai November 8, two additional ports were to be opened to American and European commerce; access was given to the rivers of China; tonnage dues were reduced so that foreign ships would have great advantage in the coasting trade; religious toleration was granted; the tariff was revised, legalizing the opium trade; and arrangements were made to satisfy American claims.
Reed returned to the United States in May 1859. When the Civil War broke out he bitterly and openly opposed it, with the result that he lost caste socially and his law practice dwindled. He spent the remainder of his life unhappily, trying to support himself by writing for Democratic papers.
In 1870 he moved to Orange, New Jersey, and devoted himself to contributing to the New York World. He died in New York City, survived by two sons and a daughter.
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Personality
He was a man of austere manner who possessed a great deal of ability and cultivated intellectual taste, but he had an unfortunate temperament which was frequently manifest in foolish impulses.
Connections
He had been twice married: first to Louisa Whelan and then to Mary Love Ralston.