Background
William Gottlieb was born on August 22, 1798 in Stuttgart, Germany, the son of Philip Frederick and Caroline Henrietta (Schuckart) Schauffler. In 1805 his family settled in Odessa, then Russia.
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William Gottlieb was born on August 22, 1798 in Stuttgart, Germany, the son of Philip Frederick and Caroline Henrietta (Schuckart) Schauffler. In 1805 his family settled in Odessa, then Russia.
In Odessa (now Ukraine) his early education was gained, partly in a German school; Schauffler also received private instruction in music and drawing.
He spent in Andover Theological Seminary five years. His course of study included Greek and Hebrew, but he added, under his own tuition, Chaldaic, Syriac, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Rabbinic, Coptic, and Ethiopic. The University of Halle gave him the degree of D. D. in 1867, and Princeton that of LL. D. in 1879.
At fifteen years of age, Schauffler was put to work at his father's trade of turner and maker of musical instruments.
Urged to enter missionary service by an agent of the Basle Missionary Institute, named Saltet, he was enlisted for work among Moslems by Joseph Wolff. On February 8, 1826, he sailed with Wolff for Constantinople, where he began the study of Turkish and "Islamic controversy. " On May 8 he sailed for Smyrna, to begin his missionary activities. A sudden change of plan, however, carried him to America for further education.
Arriving in Boston on November 7, he applied, at the suggestion of officers of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, for admission to Andover Theological Seminary. He gained experience in preaching by supplying for several months the pulpit of the Park Street Congregational Church in Boston. On November 14, 1831, he was ordained in this church. He spent some time en route in Paris with masters of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish, and visited Stuttgart, Vienna, and Odessa. Arriving in Constantinople on July 31, 1832, he met with no success there, or in Smyrna, to which place he transferred at the end of the year. He then returned to Constantinople to enter government educational service.
In Constantinople he was engaged in missionary tours and Bible translation. His first Jewish converts were won in 1835. By 1839 he had completed a new translation of the Old Testament into Hebrew-Spanish (Sephardi), which the American Bible Society began publishing in Vienna under his supervision. By 1842, three thousand copies had been issued, one of which Schauffler presented in person to the Austrian Emperor. A year later, five thousand copies more were printed. In 1843 Schauffler received a grant of about $2, 200 from the Missionary Society of the Established Church of Scotland for his work among the Jews, and he served for a time as chaplain of the Mission to the German (Ashkenaz) Jews.
During 1855-56 Jewish missions were transferred to the Free Church of Scotland, and he devoted himself thereafter to the Armenians and Turks under the Turkey Mission of the American Board. He had, in August 1855, represented Armenian missions at a meeting in Paris of the World's Evangelical Alliance, pleading the cause of religious liberty in Turkey.
During 1856-57 he aided in the revision of the Turkish New Testament, and began transcribing the Armeno-Turkish Bible into Turkish. Turkey having been at last "opened" by the Crimean War, he visited America in 1857 on behalf of Turkish missions. On his way back he secured funds in Edinburgh with which to pay the cost of an English-Turkish lexicon and other literature. Under the auspices of the American and the British and Foreign Bible societies, he translated the New Testament into Turkish (1866), and did further work on the Turkish Old Testament.
He died in 1883.
William Gottlieb Schauffler was a famous missionary to the Jews of Turkey. He was actively engaged in translating the Scriptures into Hebrew-Spanish, transcribed New Testament into Turkish, Turkish Old Testament. Besides the work mentioned above, he was the author of a translation of the Bible into Turkish, wrote "What Drink Did Our Lord Jesus Christ Use at the Institution of the Eucharist?", "Resources of the Catholic Church for Carrying on Foreign Missions". For his efforts in behalf of the German colony in Constantinople he received a decoration from the king of Prussia.
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In 1820 the preaching of Ignatius Lindl, a Roman Catholic priest of evangelical views, turned his thoughts toward religion, and he resolved to devote his life to mission work.
Before his career was over, it is said, Schauffler could understand twenty-six languages, use ten with facility, and speak extemporaneously in six.
On February 26, 1834, Schauffler married, in Constantinople, Mary Reynolds of the Smyrna Mission. In 1874 he and his wife left Turkey, and, after spending three years with their son, Henry Albert, in Moravia, they proceeded to New York to live with other sons.
