Background
Polonsky was born to a Jewish family in Tobolsk, Russia.
Polonsky was born to a Jewish family in Tobolsk, Russia.
Starting from 1908, Polonsky has been a sailor and worked blue collar jobs in Saint St. Petersburg. He was jailed for his political activities in 1914. In 1918-1920, he was a division commissar on western and southern fronts and the chairman for the southern region of Trade unions in the Soviet Union.
In 1930-1933, Polonsky was the First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party and the Secretary of Transcaucasian Committee of Communist Party of Soviet Union.
He was arrested on June 22, 1937. Claims that he was tortured are not accompanied by evidence.
He was sentenced to death by the Military Tribunal of Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics and executed by firing squad on October 30, 1937 in Lubyanka prison.
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Since 1907, he was a member of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). In 1913, he became a member of union administration.