Until 1917 (Menshevik. 1918 People's Commissariat of Food plenipotentiary in Sratov. 1918-1920 Collegium member, People's Commissariat of State Control and Siberian People's Commissariat of Workers and Peasants’ Inspection.
Deputy People's Commissar of State Control. Member, Siberian Revol Committee. 1921-1922 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic plenipotentiary in China, then in Lithuania
From 1923 worked for Supreme Economic Council.
Religion is bad because it doesn't give equal treatment to women and thus offends basic human rights.
All policy decisions should be made in the light of the continued, permanent development of the theory of Marxism–Leninism.
Communist Party member from 1918.