Andreas Shipanga

Background

Shipanga was born on 26 October 1931 in Ondangwa, Oshana Region.

Career

Imprisoned for two years following this fall-out, Shipanga was arrested and held in detention in Zambia then Tanzania until 1978. After his release from prison he founded the opposing emocrats and served as minister in different portfolios in the Transitional Government of National Unity, the interim government of South-West Africa directly before Namibian independence. He obtained a Teacher"s Training Certificate at Ongwediva in 1952.

Soon after graduation he travelled abroad in search of further education which was not possible for Blacks after 1948.

He first stayed in Angola, then moved on to South Africa, and from there to South Rhodesia. He became one of the co-founders of the Ovamboland People"s Organization, the predecessor of SWAPO. In 1959 he became the party"s leader.

Shipanga returned to South-West Africa in 1960 and went into exile in 1963 where he established several SWAPO offices and military training camps. He was SWAPO"s representative in Kinshasa, Zaire and then Cairo, Egypt from 1964-1969.

Following his stint as diplomat, He became the SWAPO Secretary for Information and Publicity from 1970 until 1976.

In the 1970s Shipanga complained about corruption within SWAPO and misuse of donor funds. He suggested to elect new leaders and for this to be able to happen he pushed forward the organisation of a party congress. These actions were later called the "Shipanga Rebellion".

Shipanga was jailed for two years at different facilities but never charged or tried.

However, he travelled on to Sweden and returned to Namibia the same year and formed emocrats, better known as emocrats participated in South African-sponsored "internal settlements", including the Transitional Government of National Unity, a pseudo-government installed by South Africa. He served as Minister of Mines and Energy, of Nature Conservation and Tourism, and of Commerce and Industry.

Shipanga later related the appalling performance of in the first democratic elections of Namibia to his involvement in this controversial body. Shipanga was the chairman of the Transitional Government of National Unity in 1987 and 1988.

Shipanga died from a heart attack on 10 May 2012 at Uuhehe settlement in the Oshikoto Region of northern Namibia.

Achievements

• The National Party had won the 1948 election in South Africa, subsequently apartheid legislation was introduced.

Politics

Having read about Andimba Toivo ya Toivo and Fillemon Mifima preparing the foundation of a political party in support of Namibian independence, Shipanga traveled to Cape Town to join the group in 1957. When failed to get a single seat in the 1989 parliamentary elections, the first democratic elections o independent Namibia, Shipanga retired from politics. His party was disbanded in 1991.

Membership

He and members of his group were arrested in Zambia in 1976.